| Cahuilla |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Cupeño |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Luiseño |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Serrano |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Kitanemuk |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Kawaiisu |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Timbisha |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Western Mono |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Chemehuevi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Southern Paiute |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Southern Ute |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Shoshone |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Comanche |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Idaho Shoshone |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Northern Paiute |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Gabrielino |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Achagua |
no |
|
Wilson & Levinsohn 1992: 14 |
|
|
|
| Resígaro |
yes |
|
Allin, 1976, p. 58 |
|
|
|
| Bare |
no |
palatalized affricate |
Aikhenvald, 1995: 5 |
|
|
|
| Piapoco |
no |
|
Sudo, 1976 p. 9 and Galindo, 1992, p. 55 |
|
|
|
| Yukuna |
no |
|
Shauer and Shauer, 1972, p.12 |
|
|
|
| Yavitero |
no |
|
Mosonyi (1987), p. 26 |
|
|
|
| Wapishana |
no |
|
Santos, 2006: 32 |
|
|
|
| Wayuu |
no |
|
Alvarez, 1985: p. 35 |
|
|
|
| Tariana |
no |
|
Aikhenvald 2003: 26 |
|
|
|
| Apurinã |
no |
palatalized stops are allophonic |
Facundes, 2000: 71 |
|
|
|
| Asheninka Apurucayali |
yes |
|
Payne 1980:910 |
|
|
|
| Maipure |
no |
|
Zamponi 2003:14 |
|
|
|
| Yanesha' |
yes |
This is only restricted to the bilabial voiceless stop and the alveolar voiceless affricate |
Fast 1953:192 |
|
|
|
| Kinikinau |
no |
|
Souza 2008:59 |
|
|
|
| Baure |
no |
not contrasted but appears in stops /k, t/ |
Danielsen 2007: p55 |
|
|
|
| Nanti |
yes |
|
Michael, 2008. p. 221 |
|
|
|
| Paresi |
yes |
However, there is only one palatalized stopp: the voiceless alveolar one. |
Brandão 2010:10 |
|
|
|
| Palikur |
no |
|
Launey 2003:37 |
|
|
|
| Yine |
no |
|
Matteson 1965 |
|
|
|
| Añun |
no |
|
Patte 1989 |
|
|
|
| Bora |
yes |
According to Thiesen, most stops (along with most consonants) become palatalized after the vowel [i]. |
Seifart - 2005:33-36; Thiesen - 1996:18-20 |
|
|
|
| Makiritare |
no |
|
Hall 1988 |
|
|
|
| Makushi |
no |
|
Abbott 1991: 140-148 |
|
|
|
| Eñepa |
yes |
But this only occurs with the alveolar stop. |
Price 1984 |
|
|
|
| Pemon |
no |
palatalization is not contrastive |
Pessoa 2005 |
|
|
|
| Guna |
no |
|
Smith |
|
|
|
| Naso |
no |
|
Quesada 2000 |
|
|
|
| Ika |
no |
|
Frank 1990:10 |
|
|
|
| Kogi |
no info |
|
|
|
|
|
| Cabecar |
no |
|
Margery 1982:34 |
|
|
|
| Guaymí |
no |
|
Quesada 2008:30 |
|
|
|
| Damana |
yes |
|
|
|
|
|
| Sikuani |
no |
|
de Kondo (Vol.1,2) - 1985 |
|
|
|
| Macaguan |
no |
|
Buenaventura - 1993 |
|
|
|
| Aguaruna |
no |
|
Overall 2007:20 |
|
|
|
| Northern Emberá |
no |
|
Aguirre 1999:16-7 |
|
Chamí |
|
| Waorani |
no |
|
Saint and Pike 1962:5-13 |
|
But there is phonetic palatalized stops |
|
| Ingá |
no |
There are no palatalized consonants but there are palatal consonants. Hoever, Levinson 1976 considers the palatal lateral as an palatalized alveolar lateral |
Levinson 1978:1 |
|
|
|
| Matses |
no |
|
Fleck:72 |
|
|
|
| Mapudungun |
no |
|
Salas 1992, p.73-92 |
|
|
|
| Páez |
yes |
|
Jung 2000:140-3 |
|
|
|
| Quechua Ayacuchano |
no |
|
Parker 1965:11 |
|
|
|
| Tikuna |
no |
there is a palatal stop though |
Montes 2000:291 |
|
|
|
| Urarina |
no |
|
Olawsky:30 |
|
|
|
| Waunana |
no |
|
Loewen 1954:7 |
|
|
|
| Andoke |
no |
|
Landaburu 1979, p.27 |
|
|
|
| Puinave |
no |
|
Giron 2008: p22 |
|
|
|
| Central Aymara |
no |
|
Huayhua Pari 2001: 68 to 72 |
|
There is no mention of palatalized stops in the Huayhua Pari, Deza Galindo, or Gomez. I think that the fact that Gomez (1992) omits them in his list of phonemes (starting on page15) indicates that they probably don't exist in Aymara. |
|
| Kakua |
no |
|
Bolaños fieldnotes |
|
|
|
| Kaingang |
no |
|
Texeira 1988:4 |
|
|
|
| Minica Witoto |
no |
|
Minor and Minor 1982. p.1-4 |
|
not indicated/expected |
|
| Hup |
yes |
|
Epps 2008 |
|
|
|
| Nadëb/Roçado dialect |
no |
|
Barbosa 2005 |
|
|
|
| Dâw |
yes |
|
Martins 2004:16-23 |
|
|
|
| Desano |
no |
|
Miller 1999, p. 9-15 |
|
|
|
| Cubeo |
no |
|
Morse & Maxwell 1999, p. 2-6 |
|
|
|
| Kotiria |
no |
allophonic |
Waltz p. 29 |
|
|
|
| Makuna |
no |
|
Smothermon & Smothermon 1993, p.26 |
|
not indicated/expected |
|
| Koreguaje |
yes |
|
Gralow & Cook 1984 |
|
|
|
| Barasano |
no |
|
Jones & Jones 1991, p.8-17 |
|
|
|
| Tanimuca |
no |
|
Strom 1992, p.12 |
|
|
|
| Siona |
no |
|
Wheeler - 1970:19 |
|
|
|
| Tukano |
no |
|
West and Welch 2004 |
|
no evidence for this |
|
| Yanomami |
no |
|
Migliazza 1972: p.38-39 |
|
|
|
| Ninam |
no |
|
Migliazza 1972: p.38-39 |
|
|
|
| Sanumá |
no |
allophonic palatalization does exist, some attributed to Makiritare Carib influence |
Migliazza 1972: p.214 |
|
palatalization of k before i, possible Makiritare feature. |
|
| Surui |
no |
|
Bontkes and Bontkes 2009:17 |
|
|
|
| Karitiana |
no |
|
Everett 2006:13 |
|
|
|
| Nheengatu |
no |
|
Cruz 2011:34 |
|
|
|
| Paraguayan Guaraní |
no |
|
Krivoshein and Acosta 2001:21 |
|
|
|
| Aché |
no |
|
Rossler 2008:39, 57 |
|
|
|
| Kokama |
no |
|
Vallejos 2010:93-103 |
|
|
|
| Nyangumarta |
yes |
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Jingulu |
yes |
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Wambaya |
yes |
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Bunuba |
yes |
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Walmajarri |
yes |
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Nyulnyul |
yes |
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Warrwa |
yes |
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Worrorra |
yes |
|
2-3 |
|
|
1 |
| Garrwa |
no info |
|
|
|
|
X |
| Gooniyandi |
yes |
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Warlpiri |
no |
|
n66 |
|
|
0 |
| Bardi |
yes |
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Yugambeh |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Yorta Yorta |
yes |
|
41 |
|
|
1 |
| Yir Yoront |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Yindjibarndi |
yes |
|
10 |
|
|
1 |
| Yidiny |
no |
|
|
|
|
0 |
| Yanyuwa |
yes |
|
2 |
|
|
1 |
| Yandruwandha |
yes |
|
10 |
|
|
1 |
| Yan-nhangu |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Yalarnnga |
yes |
|
6,7 |
|
|
1 |
| Woiwurrung |
yes |
|
59 |
|
|
1 |
| Wirangu |
yes |
|
26 |
|
|
1 |
| Wemba-Wemba |
yes |
|
H 4 |
|
|
1 |
| Warumungu |
No |
|
6 |
|
|
0 |
| Wangkumara |
yes |
|
7 |
|
|
1 |
| Uradhi |
yes |
|
315-6 |
|
|
1 |
| Paakantyi |
yes |
|
15; 23 |
|
|
1 |
| Pitta-Pitta |
yes |
|
187 |
|
|
1 |
| Pintupi |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Nyungar |
yes |
|
d30-1 |
|
|
1 |
| Nhanta |
yes |
|
10 |
|
|
1 |
| Ngiyambaa |
yes |
|
14 |
|
|
1 |
| Ngayawang |
No info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Muruwari |
yes |
|
10 |
|
|
1 |
| Mpakwithi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Mayi-Yapi |
yes |
|
21 |
|
|
1 |
| Martuthunira |
yes |
|
25-50 |
|
|
1 |
| Marrgany |
yes |
|
283 |
|
|
1 |
| Kuuk Thaayorre |
yes |
|
26 |
|
|
1 |
| Kuku Yalanji |
yes |
|
19 |
|
|
1 |
| Kugu-Nganhcara |
yes |
|
374 |
|
|
1 |
| Kaurna |
yes |
|
1 |
|
|
1 |
| Kalkatungu |
yes |
|
5b |
|
|
1 |
| Jaru |
yes |
|
23 |
|
|
1 |
| Guugu-Yimidhirr |
yes |
|
36 |
|
|
1 |
| Gureng Gureng |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Gupapuyngu |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Gumbaynggirr |
no |
|
xix |
|
|
0 |
| Gugu-Badhun |
yes |
|
74 |
|
|
1 |
| Yuwaalaraay |
No |
|
15 |
|
|
0 |
| Dyirbal |
No |
|
270-1 |
|
|
0 |
| Duungidjawu |
no |
|
18 |
|
|
0 |
| Djinang |
No |
|
1 |
|
|
0 |
| Djabugay |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Diyari |
yes |
|
17 |
|
|
1 |
| Dharuk |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Dharawal |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Darkinyung |
yes |
|
10 |
|
|
1 |
| Bularnu |
yes |
|
3 |
|
|
1 |
| Biri |
yes |
|
9 |
|
|
1 |
| Bidjara-Gungabula |
yes |
|
10, 13 |
|
|
1 |
| Batyala |
No |
|
3 |
|
|
0 |
| Arabana |
yes |
|
26, 44 |
|
|
1 |
| Alyawarr |
yes |
|
17-20 |
|
|
1 |
| Nyikina |
yes |
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Yawuru |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Ngarinyin |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Yulparija |
yes |
|
16 |
|
|
1 |
| Wathawurrung |
maybe |
|
66 |
|
|
1 |
| Mathi-Mathi |
no |
|
58 |
|
|
0 |
| Hunter River and Lake Macquarie |
yes |
|
16 |
|
|
1 |
| Thanggati |
no |
|
4-5 |
|
|
0 |
| Katthang |
no |
|
17 |
|
|
0 |
| Panyjima |
yes |
|
131 |
|
|
1 |
| Ngarinyeri |
yes |
|
9 |
|
|
1 |
| Kurrama |
yes |
|
11 |
|
|
1 |
| Yingkarta |
yes |
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Githabul |
No |
|
2 |
|
|
0 |
| Gunya |
yes |
|
283 |
|
|
1 |
| Kunjen |
yes |
|
14 |
|
|
1 |
| WesternTorres |
yes |
|
K81 104-5 |
|
|
1 |
| Wakaya |
yes |
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Yindjilindji |
yes |
|
500 |
|
|
1 |
| Bandjalang |
No |
|
8 |
|
|
0 |
| Ngaatjatjara |
yes |
|
13 |
|
|
1 |
| Arrernte |
yes |
|
67 |
|
|
1 |
| Kokatha |
yes |
|
5 |
|
|
1 |
| Karajarri |
No |
|
5 |
|
|
0 |
| Pitjantjatjara |
yes |
|
Y 36 |
|
|
1 |
| Ritharrngu |
yes |
|
9 |
|
|
1 |
| Warrgamay |
no |
|
16 |
|
|
0 |
| Warluwarra |
yes |
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Warnman |
yes |
|
10 |
|
|
1 |
| Djapu |
yes |
|
13 |
|
|
1 |
| Bilinarra |
yes |
|
2.1 |
|
|
1 |
| Wiradjuri |
yes |
|
10, 11 |
|
|
1 |
| Aghu-Tharnggala |
yes |
|
25 |
|
|
1 |
| Narungga |
yes |
|
31 |
|
|
1 |
| Tharrkari |
yes |
|
3 |
|
|
1 |
| Wajarri |
yes |
|
17 |
|
|
1 |
| Warungu |
yes |
|
1 |
|
|
1 |
| Adnyamathanha |
yes |
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Yagua |
no |
|
Payne and Payne 1990: |
|
only allophonic |
|
| Baniwa |
no |
|
Ramirez 2001 |
|
|
|
