Indefinite or non-specific article
- Category
- Nominal Categories - Definiteness and clusivity
- Notes
- or marker
Sorry, we have no imagery here.
Sorry, we have no imagery here.
Sorry, we have no imagery here.
Sorry, we have no imagery here.
Sorry, we have no imagery here.
Sorry, we have no imagery here.
Sorry, we have no imagery here.
Sorry, we have no imagery here.
Sorry, we have no imagery here.
Sorry, we have no imagery here.
Sorry, we have no imagery here.
Sorry, we have no imagery here.
Languages
| Language | Feature Status | Grammatical Notes | Source | Etymology Notes | General Notes | Phylogenetic Code |
|---|
Language | Feature Status | Grammatical Notes | Source | Etymology Notes | General Notes | Phylogenetic Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Achagua | no | Wilson & Levinsohn 1992 | ||||
| Aché | no info | |||||
| Adnyamathanha | ||||||
| Aghu-Tharnggala | No | 67 | 0 | |||
| Aguaruna | no info | |||||
| Alyawarr | no | 0 | ||||
| Andoke | no info | |||||
| Apurinã | no | Facundes, 2000: 356 | ||||
| Arabana | no | 0 | ||||
| Arrernte | No | 117 | 0 | |||
| Asheninka Apurucayali | no | When referring to an unspecified object, nothing is used. | Payne 1981; Payne 1983 | |||
| Añun | no | Patte 1989 | ||||
| Bandjalang | No | 70 | 0 | |||
| Baniwa | no | Ramirez 2001 | ||||
| Barasano | yes | There are three general classifiers frequently used to form new expressions for foreign objects. i.e. 'thing' | Jones & Jones 1991, p.56 | |||
| Bardi | no | 0 | ||||
| Bare | no | Aikhenvald, 1995: 22 | ||||
| Batyala | no info | x | ||||
| Baure | yes | "[The article] is generally used with proper names and heavenly bodies... and nouns that refer to weather phenomena." | Danielsen 2007: p312 | |||
| Bidjara-Gungabula | no info | x | ||||
| Bilinarra | no | 1.1000000000000000888 | 0 | |||
| Biri | no | 0 | ||||
| Bora | yes | Article for definite/indefinite is the same. It can be interpreted as definite or indefinite, depending on the context. | Seifart - 2005:125 | |||
| Bularnu | no | 0 | ||||
| Bunuba | no | 0 | ||||
| Cabecar | no info | |||||
| Cahuilla | no | |||||
| Central Aymara | yes | Deza Galindo 1992: 73 | ||||
| Chemehuevi | no | |||||
| Comanche | no | |||||
| Cubeo | no | Morse & Maxwell 1999, p.73-75 | ||||
| Cupeño | no | |||||
| Damana | no | |||||
| Darkinyung | no | 24-25 | 0 | |||
| Desano | yes | The three general classifiers are used to refer to nonspecific items and frequently are employed to form new expressions for foreign objects; -yẽ, -pẽ, and dõhõ 'thing'. | Miller 1999, p. 43-44 | The article dipa- seems to have the meaning of the indefinite article 'a' | ||
| Dharawal | no info | x | ||||
| Dharuk | ||||||
| Diyari | no | 98 | 0 | |||
| Djabugay | ||||||
| Djapu | no | 0 | ||||
| Djinang | No | 99 | 0 | |||
| Duungidjawu | no | 64-65 | 0 | |||
| Dyirbal | No | 44-5 | 0 | |||
| Dâw | no | Martins 2004:355-361 | ||||
| Eñepa | no | no articles | Payne 2012 | |||
| Gabrielino | no | |||||
| Garrwa | no info | X | ||||
| Githabul | No | 33 | 0 | |||
| Gooniyandi | no | 0 | ||||
| Guaymí | no | Quesada 2008:49-96 | ||||
| Gugu-Badhun | no | 0 | ||||
| Gumbaynggirr | no | 274 | 0 | |||
| Guna | no | Smith texts | ||||
| Gunya | No | 304 | 0 | |||
| Gupapuyngu | ||||||
| Gureng Gureng | no info | x | ||||
| Guugu-Yimidhirr | No | 69 | 0 | |||
| Hunter River and Lake Macquarie | no | 34 | 0 | |||
| Hup | no | Epps 2008 | ||||
| Idaho Shoshone | no | |||||
| Ika | no | The cardinal numeral inʔgui "one" is used as a marked or inefiniteness | Frank 1990:33 | |||
| Ingá | no info | |||||
| Jaru | no | 0 | ||||
| Jingulu | yes | 1 | ||||
| Kaingang | yes | borrowing? | Silva 2011:180 | |||
| Kakua | no | Bolaños fieldnotes | ||||
| Kalkatungu | yes | 105 | 1 | |||
| Karajarri | No | 246 | 0 | |||
| Karitiana | no | |||||
| Katthang | no | 50 | 0 | |||
| Kaurna | No | 9 | 0 | |||
| Kawaiisu | no | |||||
| Kinikinau | no info | |||||
| Kitanemuk | no | |||||
| Kogi | no info | |||||
| Kokama | no | Vallejos 2010 | ||||
| Kokatha | No | 49 | 0 | |||
| Koreguaje | yes | There is an additional suffix -makʰa 'thing' that is used to refer to individual objects without shape sorters. | Cook & Criswell 1993, p.25 | |||
| Kotiria | no | Stenzel 2004 | ||||
| Kugu-Nganhcara | No | 388 | 0 | |||
| Kuku Yalanji | no | 0 | ||||
| Kunjen | No | 138 | 0 | |||
| Kurrama | no | 0 | ||||
| Kuuk Thaayorre | No | 287 | 0 | |||
| Luiseño | no | |||||
| Macaguan | no | Buenaventura - 1993 | ||||
| Maipure | no | Articles appear to be implied or perceived through context. There are no articles in the language itself. | Zamponi 2003:21-35 | |||
| Makiritare | no info | Hall 1988 | ||||
| Makuna | yes | Smothermon & Smothermon 1993, p.33-36 | ||||
| Makushi | no | Carson 1982: 64-68 | ||||
| Mapudungun | no | Zúñiga 2006, p. 87-9 | ||||
| Marrgany | No | 304 | 0 | |||
| Martuthunira | no | 0 | ||||
| Mathi-Mathi | no | 93 | 0 | |||
| Matses | no | Fleck:231-321 | ||||
| Mayi-Yapi | No | 51-52 | 0 | |||
| Minica Witoto | no | Minor and Minor 1982. p.13 | There are two pronouns in Huitoto that are indefinite in gender but not in number. | |||
| Mpakwithi | ||||||
| Muruwari | no | 0 | ||||
| Nadëb/Roçado dialect | no | indefinite pronoun | Weir 1984:89 | |||
| Nanti | no | Michael, 2008. p. 304-309 | ||||
| Narungga | No info | x | ||||
| Naso | no | Quesada 2000 | ||||
| Ngaatjatjara | No | 26 | 0 | |||
| Ngarinyeri | No | 30 | 0 | |||
| Ngarinyin | ||||||
| Ngayawang | No | 3 | 0 | |||
| Ngiyambaa | no | 128 | 0 | |||
| Nhanta | no | 73 | 0 | |||
| Nheengatu | yes | Cruz 2011:265 | ||||
| Ninam | no info | Goodwin-Gomez | ||||
| Northern Emberá | no info | |||||
| Northern Paiute | no | |||||
| Nyangumarta | no | 0 | ||||
| Nyikina | no | 0 | ||||
| Nyulnyul | no | 0 | ||||
| Nyungar | no info | x | ||||
| Paakantyi | no | 0 | ||||
| Palikur | no | Launey 2003:102 | ||||
| Panyjima | no | 0 | ||||
| Paraguayan Guaraní | no | Zarratea 2002:166 | ||||
| Paresi | no info | Rowan 1978, Rowan and Burgess 1979, Brandão 2010 | ||||
| Pemon | no | de Armellada 1999: 151 | ||||
| Piapoco | no | Galindo, 2002: 88-90 | ||||
| Pintupi | no info | x | ||||
| Pitjantjatjara | No | G 104 | 0 | |||
| Pitta-Pitta | No | 193 | 0 | |||
| Puinave | no info | |||||
| Páez | no info | |||||
| Quechua Ayacuchano | no | Parker 1965:32-46 | ||||
| Resígaro | no | No articles identified, only demonstratives. | Allin, 1976: 198-200 | |||
| Ritharrngu | No | 49 | 0 | |||
| Sanumá | no info | |||||
| Serrano | no | |||||
| Shoshone | no | |||||
| Sikuani | no | Queixalós 1998:68 | ||||
| Siona | no | Wheeler 1987:119-120 | ||||
| Southern Paiute | no | |||||
| Southern Ute | no | |||||
| Surui | no info | |||||
| Tanimuca | no | Retuarã has no definite or indefinite article. | Strom 1992, p.127 | |||
| Tariana | yes | This artcile has several functions, including the number "one," "only," and "another." | Aikhenvald, 2003: 215 | |||
| Thanggati | no | 30-33 | 0 | |||
| Tharrkari | No | 16 | 0 | |||
| Tikuna | no info | |||||
| Timbisha | no | |||||
| Tukano | no | not distinct from interrogative words | Ramirez 1997: 328-330 | |||
| Uradhi | No | 357 | 0 | |||
| Urarina | no info | Olawsky:433 | ||||
| Wajarri | No | 81 | 0 | |||
| Wakaya | no | 0 | ||||
| Walmajarri | no | 0 | ||||
| Wambaya | no | 0 | ||||
| Wangkumara | no info | X | ||||
| Waorani | no info | |||||
| Wapishana | yes | Santos 2006 | ||||
| Warlpiri | no info | 0 | ||||
| Warluwarra | no | 0 | ||||
| Warnman | No | 29 | 0 | |||
| Warrgamay | No | 44 | 0 | |||
| Warrwa | no | 0 | ||||
| Warumungu | No | 18 | 0 | |||
| Warungu | no | 0 | ||||
| Wathawurrung | no | 84 | 0 | |||
| Waunana | no info | |||||
| Wayuu | yes | This is a reduced form of the numeral 'one.' | Mansen & Captain, 2000: p. 797 | |||
| Wemba-Wemba | no | H 57-8 | 0 | |||
| Western Mono | no | |||||
| WesternTorres | no | 0 | ||||
| Wiradjuri | no | m286 | 0 | |||
| Wirangu | No | 87-90 | 0 | |||
| Woiwurrung | no | 67 | 0 | |||
| Worrorra | no | ms7.3.1, ms17.2.1 | 0 | |||
| Yagua | no | Payne and Payne 1990 | ||||
| Yalarnnga | no | 0 | ||||
| Yan-nhangu | ||||||
| Yandruwandha | no | 0 | ||||
| Yanesha' | no | Duff-Tripp 1997:23-68 | ||||
| Yanomami | no | not an article so much as a pronoun | Ramirez 1994: 177-178 | |||
| Yanyuwa | no | 0 | ||||
| Yavitero | no | No articles. | Mosonyi, 1987: p. 50, 78-79 | |||
| Yawuru | ||||||
| Yidiny | no | 0 | ||||
| Yindjibarndi | no | 0 | ||||
| Yindjilindji | no | 0 | ||||
| Yine | no | Matteson 1965 | ||||
| Yingkarta | no info | x | ||||
| Yir Yoront | ||||||
| Yorta Yorta | no | 74 | 0 | |||
| Yugambeh | ||||||
| Yukuna | no info | Articles/demonstratives not discussed among other word classes. | Shauer & Shauer, 2000 | |||
| Yulparija | No | 32 | 0 | |||
| Yuwaalaraay | No | 91 | 0 |
| Language |
|---|
Showing 1 to 193 of 193 entries