| Cahuilla |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Cupeño |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Luiseño |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Serrano |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Kitanemuk |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Kawaiisu |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Timbisha |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Western Mono |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Chemehuevi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Southern Paiute |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Southern Ute |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Shoshone |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Comanche |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Idaho Shoshone |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Northern Paiute |
yes |
|
|
|
|
|
| Gabrielino |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Achagua |
no |
|
Wilson & Levinsohn 1992: 14 |
|
|
|
| Resígaro |
no |
only /ʔ/ can be a coda |
Allin, 1976, p. 75 |
|
|
|
| Bare |
no |
|
Aikhenvald, 1995: 6 |
|
|
|
| Piapoco |
yes |
|
Sudo, 1976 p. 9 and Galindo, 1992, p. 62 |
|
|
|
| Yukuna |
yes |
Only /n/ and /h/ appear in coda position. CVC syllables are rare. It's not explicit, but there don't seem to be any examples word-finally. |
Shauer and Shauer, 1972, p. 4 |
|
|
|
| Yavitero |
yes |
Only /n/ can be a coda in Yavitero words. |
Mosonyi (1987): p. 31 |
|
|
|
| Wapishana |
no |
|
Santos, 2006:69 |
|
|
|
| Wayuu |
no |
|
Alvarez, 1985: p. 78 |
|
|
|
| Tariana |
no |
only /y/ and /h/ as codas |
Aikhenvald 2003: 34 |
|
|
|
| Apurinã |
yes |
|
Facundes, 2000: 87 |
|
|
|
| Asheninka Apurucayali |
yes |
|
Mihas 2010 |
|
|
|
| Maipure |
yes |
|
Zamponi 2003:15-16, 18 |
|
|
|
| Yanesha' |
no |
Codas are allowed |
Fast 1953:191-4 |
|
|
|
| Kinikinau |
no |
Codas are allowed but they are restricted to the segments /j/ and /w/ |
Souza 2008:68 |
|
|
|
| Baure |
no |
|
Danielsen 2007: p61 |
|
|
|
| Nanti |
yes |
|
Michael, 2008. p. 240 |
|
|
|
| Paresi |
no |
|
Brandão 2010:11 |
|
|
|
| Palikur |
no info |
|
Launey 2003 |
|
|
|
| Yine |
yes |
|
Matteson 1965:23 |
|
|
|
| Añun |
yes |
|
Patte 1989:25 |
|
|
|
| Bora |
no |
|
Seifart - 2005:32-46 |
|
|
|
| Makiritare |
no |
only nasals, semivowels and the glottal |
Hall 1988: 214-258, 264 |
|
|
|
| Makushi |
no |
|
Abbott 1991: 140-148 |
|
|
|
| Eñepa |
no |
Codas are allowed |
Price 1984 |
|
|
|
| Pemon |
no |
CVC and CCVC allowed |
Pessoa 2005:67 |
|
Only k or n (which sometimes assimilates and becomes an m) can be codas |
|
| Guna |
no |
|
Smith |
|
|
|
| Naso |
no |
|
Quesada 2000 |
|
|
|
| Ika |
no |
|
Frank 1990:11 |
|
|
|
| Kogi |
no info |
|
|
|
|
|
| Cabecar |
no info |
|
|
|
|
|
| Guaymí |
yes |
|
Quesada 2008:47 |
|
|
|
| Damana |
yes |
|
|
|
|
|
| Sikuani |
yes |
|
de Kondo (Vol.1,2) - 1985 |
|
|
|
| Macaguan |
no |
|
Buenaventura - 1993:28 |
|
|
|
| Aguaruna |
no |
|
Overall 2007:58 |
|
Codas are allowed |
|
| Northern Emberá |
no |
Codas are allowed |
Aguirre 1999:17-8, Mortensen 1999:6 |
|
Chamí |
|
| Waorani |
yes |
|
Saint and Pike 1962:14 |
|
However, it is not stated in the source but it seems quite plausible to imply this |
|
| Ingá |
no |
|
Levinson 1976:21 |
|
|
|
| Matses |
yes |
|
Fleck:107 |
|
|
|
| Mapudungun |
no |
|
Salas 1992, p.73-92 |
|
there are codas |
|
| Páez |
no |
|
Jung 2000:140-3 |
|
|
|
| Quechua Ayacuchano |
no |
|
Parker 1965:14 |
|
|
|
| Tikuna |
yes |
Codas are not allowed |
Montes 2000:295 |
|
|
|
| Urarina |
yes |
|
Olawsky:75 |
|
|
|
| Waunana |
no |
codas are allowed |
Loewen 1954:18 |
|
|
|
| Andoke |
yes |
|
Landaburu 1979, p.53 |
|
no codas except occasional glottal stop |
|
| Puinave |
no |
|
Giron 2008: p20 |
|
|
|
| Central Aymara |
yes |
|
Huayhua Pari 2001: 66 |
|
|
|
| Kakua |
no |
|
Bolaños fieldnotes |
|
|
|
| Kaingang |
no |
|
Cavalcante 1987:31 |
|
|
|
| Minica Witoto |
no info |
|
Minor and Minor 1982. p.1-6 |
|
coda is not contrained but not required |
|
| Hup |
no |
|
Epps 2008 |
|
|
|
| Nadëb/Roçado dialect |
no |
|
Barbosa 2005 |
|
|
|
| Dâw |
no |
|
Martins 2004:13-15, 68-70 |
|
|
|
| Desano |
yes |
CV (most common), CVʔ, V, Vʔ. |
Miller 1999, p. 15 |
|
possible, not the norm |
|
| Cubeo |
yes |
A syllable in Cubeo consists of (C)V. |
Morse & Maxwell 1999, p. 6 |
|
|
|
| Kotiria |
yes |
|
Waltz p. 33 |
|
|
|
| Makuna |
yes |
(C)V |
Smothermon & Smothermon 1993, p. 26 |
|
glottal stop only |
|
| Koreguaje |
yes |
(C)V(V) |
Cook & Criswell 1993, p.10 |
|
|
|
| Barasano |
yes |
V and CV are the possible syllable patterns |
Jones & Jones 1991 p.10 |
|
|
|
| Tanimuca |
yes |
The Retuarã syllable conforms to the pattern: (C)V(V)(V). |
Strom 1992, p.21 |
|
|
|
| Siona |
yes |
The syllable is described phonemically as: CV(V) and CV‘–. Glottal stops never occur in word final position. |
Wheeler - 1970:21 |
|
|
|
| Tukano |
yes |
|
West and Welch 2004 |
|
glottal stop permitted as coda (Ramirez 1997: 39), Waterhouse, Viola G., editor. 1967. Phonemic systems of Colombian languages. -- reports CVC as syllable type |
|
| Yanomami |
yes |
|
Migliazza 1972: p.201 |
|
|
|
| Ninam |
yes |
|
Migliazza 1972: p.154 |
|
|
|
| Sanumá |
yes |
|
Migliazza 1972: p.205 |
|
|
|
| Surui |
no |
|
Bontkes and Bontkes 2009:3 |
|
|
|
| Karitiana |
no |
|
Everett 2006:15-93 |
|
|
|
| Nheengatu |
yes |
only glides allowed |
Cruz 2011:62 |
|
|
|
| Paraguayan Guaraní |
no |
|
Krivoshein and Acosta 2001:22 |
|
|
|
| Aché |
no |
no codas are allowed |
Rossler 2008:59 |
|
|
|
| Kokama |
no |
|
Vallejos 2010:112 |
|
|
|
| Nyangumarta |
no |
|
|
|
|
0 |
| Jingulu |
no |
|
|
|
|
0 |
| Wambaya |
no |
|
|
|
|
0 |
| Bunuba |
no |
|
|
|
|
0 |
| Walmajarri |
no |
|
|
|
|
0 |
| Nyulnyul |
no |
|
|
|
|
0 |
| Warrwa |
no |
|
|
|
|
0 |
| Worrorra |
no |
|
ms2.4.1 |
|
|
0 |
| Garrwa |
no |
|
examples throughout |
|
|
0 |
| Gooniyandi |
no |
|
|
|
|
0 |
| Warlpiri |
no |
|
n78 |
|
|
0 |
| Bardi |
no |
|
|
|
|
0 |
| Yugambeh |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Yorta Yorta |
no |
|
46 |
|
|
0 |
| Yir Yoront |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Yindjibarndi |
no |
|
40-41 |
|
|
0 |
| Yidiny |
yes |
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Yanyuwa |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Yandruwandha |
no |
|
36 |
|
|
0 |
| Yan-nhangu |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Yalarnnga |
no |
|
10, 11 |
|
|
0 |
| Woiwurrung |
no |
|
63-64 |
|
|
0 |
| Wirangu |
No |
|
39 |
|
|
0 |
| Wemba-Wemba |
no |
|
H 7 |
|
|
0 |
| Warumungu |
No |
|
9 |
|
|
0 |
| Wangkumara |
no |
|
6 |
|
|
0 |
| Uradhi |
No |
|
320 |
|
|
0 |
| Paakantyi |
no |
|
43 |
|
|
0 |
| Pitta-Pitta |
No |
|
189 |
|
|
0 |
| Pintupi |
no |
|
40 |
|
|
0 |
| Nyungar |
no |
|
wordlist and d33 |
|
|
0 |
| Nhanta |
no |
|
18 |
|
|
0 |
| Ngiyambaa |
no |
|
35 |
|
|
0 |
| Ngayawang |
No |
|
|
|
|
0 |
| Muruwari |
no |
|
37 |
|
|
0 |
| Mpakwithi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Mayi-Yapi |
No |
|
27 |
|
|
0 |
| Martuthunira |
no |
|
25-50 |
|
|
0 |
| Marrgany |
No |
|
290 |
|
|
0 |
| Kuuk Thaayorre |
No |
|
44 |
|
|
0 |
| Kuku Yalanji |
no |
|
22 |
|
|
0 |
| Kugu-Nganhcara |
No |
|
378 |
|
|
0 |
| Kaurna |
No |
|
2 |
|
|
0 |
| Kalkatungu |
no |
|
6b |
|
|
0 |
| Jaru |
no |
|
37, 44 |
|
|
0 |
| Guugu-Yimidhirr |
No |
|
40 |
|
|
0 |
| Gureng Gureng |
no |
|
|
|
|
0 |
| Gupapuyngu |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Gumbaynggirr |
no |
|
xix |
|
|
0 |
| Gugu-Badhun |
no |
|
82 |
|
|
0 |
| Yuwaalaraay |
No |
|
20 |
|
|
0 |
| Dyirbal |
No |
|
272 |
|
|
0 |
| Duungidjawu |
no |
|
20 |
|
|
0 |
| Djinang |
No |
|
6 |
|
|
0 |
| Djabugay |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Diyari |
no |
|
25 |
|
|
0 |
| Dharuk |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Dharawal |
no |
|
36 |
|
|
0 |
| Darkinyung |
no |
|
11 |
|
|
0 |
| Bularnu |
no |
|
10 |
|
|
0 |
| Biri |
no |
|
11 |
|
|
0 |
| Bidjara-Gungabula |
no |
|
20 |
|
|
0 |
| Batyala |
No |
|
3 |
|
|
0 |
| Arabana |
no |
|
|
|
|
0 |
| Alyawarr |
no |
|
45 |
|
|
0 |
| Nyikina |
no |
|
|
|
|
0 |
| Yawuru |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Ngarinyin |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Yulparija |
No |
|
17 |
|
|
0 |
| Wathawurrung |
no |
|
68 |
|
|
0 |
| Mathi-Mathi |
no |
|
59 |
|
|
0 |
| Hunter River and Lake Macquarie |
no |
|
23 |
|
|
0 |
| Thanggati |
no |
|
11 |
|
|
0 |
| Katthang |
no |
|
21 |
|
|
0 |
| Panyjima |
no |
|
133-134 |
|
|
0 |
| Ngarinyeri |
No |
|
9 |
|
|
0 |
| Kurrama |
no |
|
|
|
|
0 |
| Yingkarta |
no |
|
|
|
|
0 |
| Githabul |
No |
|
2 |
|
|
0 |
| Gunya |
No |
|
290 |
|
|
0 |
| Kunjen |
No |
|
14 |
|
|
0 |
| WesternTorres |
no |
|
K81 125 |
|
|
0 |
| Wakaya |
no |
|
ch 4 |
|
|
0 |
| Yindjilindji |
no |
|
501 |
|
|
0 |
| Bandjalang |
No |
|
25 |
|
|
0 |
| Ngaatjatjara |
No |
|
11 |
|
|
0 |
| Arrernte |
Yes |
|
78 |
|
|
1 |
| Kokatha |
No |
|
16 |
|
|
0 |
| Karajarri |
No |
|
50 |
|
|
0 |
| Pitjantjatjara |
No |
|
Y 38 |
|
|
0 |
| Ritharrngu |
No |
|
11 |
|
|
0 |
| Warrgamay |
No |
|
21 |
|
|
0 |
| Warluwarra |
no |
|
852 |
|
|
0 |
| Warnman |
No |
|
11 |
|
|
0 |
| Djapu |
no |
|
20 |
|
|
0 |
| Bilinarra |
no |
|
2.2.3 |
|
|
0 |
| Wiradjuri |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Aghu-Tharnggala |
No |
|
38 |
|
|
0 |
| Narungga |
No |
|
39 |
|
|
0 |
| Tharrkari |
No |
|
6 |
|
|
0 |
| Wajarri |
No |
|
29 |
|
|
0 |
| Warungu |
no |
|
97-105 |
|
|
0 |
| Adnyamathanha |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Yagua |
yes |
|
Payne and Payne 1990:432 |
|
only /y/ allowed in coda |
|
| Baniwa |
yes |
|
Ramirez 2001 |
|
|
|
