Language | Feature Status | Grammatical Notes | Source | Etymology Notes | General Notes | Phylogenetic Code |
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Language | Feature Status | Grammatical Notes | Source | Etymology Notes | General Notes | Phylogenetic Code |
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Achagua | no | Inalienable nouns have a "non-possessed" suffix, pronominal forms are all prefixing | Wilson & Levinsohn 1992: 22 | |||
Aché | no | Susnik 1974:101 | ||||
Adnyamathanha | ||||||
Aghu-Tharnggala | No | 62-7 | 0 | |||
Aguaruna | yes | Overall 2007:261-2 | However, for first person singular pronoun the possesive marker is attached to the possesor pronoun | |||
Alyawarr | yes | 90-1 | 1 | |||
Andoke | no | Landaburu 1979: 132-133 | ||||
Apurinã | no | Facundes, 2000: 380 | ||||
Arabana | n/a | 0 | ||||
Arrernte | Yes | 109 | 1 | |||
Asheninka Apurucayali | yes | Payne 1983:12, 49 | ||||
Añun | no | Patte 1989 | ||||
Bandjalang | N/A | 79 | 0 | |||
Baniwa | no | Ramirez 2001 | ||||
Barasano | no | Jones & Jones 1991, p.61 | ||||
Bardi | yes | 1 | ||||
Bare | yes | Possessive suffixes on possessed alienable nouns, and unpossessed inalienable nouns | Aikhenvald, 1995: 13 | |||
Batyala | no info | x | ||||
Baure | no | Danielsen 2007: p87 | ||||
Bidjara-Gungabula | no | 0 | ||||
Bilinarra | n/a | 0 | ||||
Biri | yes | 17, 55 | 1 | |||
Bora | no | Seifart - 2005:52 | ||||
Bularnu | no | 0 | ||||
Bunuba | no | 0 | ||||
Cabecar | yes | Bourland 1976:57 | ||||
Cahuilla | no | |||||
Central Aymara | yes | Huayhua Pari 2001: 250 to 252 | ||||
Chemehuevi | yes | |||||
Comanche | no | |||||
Cubeo | yes | The suffix -I 'genitive' also marks animate possessive noun phrases. | Morse & Maxwell 1999, p. 118 | |||
Cupeño | no | |||||
Damana | no | |||||
Darkinyung | no | 32 | 0 | |||
Desano | no | Miller 1999, p. 49 | ||||
Dharawal | yes | 53 | 1 | |||
Dharuk | ||||||
Diyari | no | 0 | ||||
Djabugay | ||||||
Djapu | no | 0 | ||||
Djinang | Yes | 136 | 1 | |||
Duungidjawu | no | 54 | 0 | |||
Dyirbal | N/A | 0 | ||||
Dâw | yes | Martins 2004 | ||||
Eñepa | yes | inalianable possessed nouns take one of three suffix forms | Payne 2012:79 | |||
Gabrielino | no | |||||
Garrwa | n/a | 0 | ||||
Githabul | yes | 10 | 1 | |||
Gooniyandi | yes | 1 | ||||
Guaymí | yes | Quesada 2008:73 | ||||
Gugu-Badhun | n/a | 0 | ||||
Gumbaynggirr | no | 283 | 0 | |||
Guna | no | Smith texts | ||||
Gunya | N/A | 308 | 0 | |||
Gupapuyngu | ||||||
Gureng Gureng | no info | x | ||||
Guugu-Yimidhirr | yes | 69 | 1 | |||
Hunter River and Lake Macquarie | no | 33, 40 | 0 | |||
Hup | no | Epps 2008 | ||||
Idaho Shoshone | no | |||||
Ika | no | Frank 1989:22 | ||||
Ingá | yes | ILV 1976:35-6 | ||||
Jaru | n/a | 0 | ||||
Jingulu | no | 0 | ||||
Kaingang | no | Goncalves 2011:12 | ||||
Kakua | yes | Bolaños fieldnotes | ||||
Kalkatungu | no | 0 | ||||
Karajarri | N/A | 302 | 0 | |||
Karitiana | no | Everett 2006:303-4 | ||||
Katthang | yes | 40 | 1 | |||
Kaurna | No info | x | ||||
Kawaiisu | no | |||||
Kinikinau | no info | |||||
Kitanemuk | no | |||||
Kogi | yes | Ortiz 1994:384 | ||||
Kokama | no | Vallejos 2010:274-276 | ||||
Kokatha | N/A | 48 | 0 | |||
Koreguaje | no | Cook & Criswell 1993, p.45 | ||||
Kotiria | no | Stenzel 2004, p. 195 | ||||
Kugu-Nganhcara | No | 428 | 0 | |||
Kuku Yalanji | n/a | 0 | ||||
Kunjen | No | 91 | 0 | |||
Kurrama | no | 0 | ||||
Kuuk Thaayorre | N/A | 219 | 0 | |||
Luiseño | no | |||||
Macaguan | no | Buenaventura - 1993 | ||||
Maipure | no | Zamponi 2003:24 | ||||
Makiritare | no | Hall 1988: 292 | ||||
Makuna | no | Smothermon & Smothermon 1993, p.36-40 | ||||
Makushi | no | Carson 1982: 57 | ||||
Mapudungun | no | Zúñiga 2006, p. 96-7 | ||||
Marrgany | N/A | 308 | 0 | |||
Martuthunira | yes | cf (4.132) 'my wife' | 1 | |||
Mathi-Mathi | yes | 85 | 1 | |||
Matses | no | Fleck:253 | ||||
Mayi-Yapi | No | 45, 48 | 0 | |||
Minica Witoto | no | Minor and Minor 1982. p.12, 42 | ||||
Mpakwithi | ||||||
Muruwari | yes | 111-2 | 1 | |||
Nadëb/Roçado dialect | no | Weir 1984 | ||||
Nanti | no | Michael, 2008. p. 297-299 | ||||
Narungga | No | 65 | 0 | |||
Naso | no | Quesada 2000 | ||||
Ngaatjatjara | yes | 56 | 1 | |||
Ngarinyeri | yes | 26 | 1 | |||
Ngarinyin | ||||||
Ngayawang | No | 12 | 0 | |||
Ngiyambaa | yes | 130 | 1 | |||
Nhanta | yes | 77 | 1 | |||
Nheengatu | no | Cruz 2011 | ||||
Ninam | yes | 3rd person possessive clitic =e comes after possessed noun | Goodwin-Gomez, p. 52 | |||
Northern Emberá | no | Aguirre 1999:79-80 | Chamí | |||
Northern Paiute | no | |||||
Nyangumarta | no | 0 | ||||
Nyikina | yes | 1 | ||||
Nyulnyul | no | 0 | ||||
Nyungar | no info | x | ||||
Paakantyi | yes | 85-87 | 1 | |||
Palikur | no | Green and Green 1972:4-5, 52 | ||||
Panyjima | n/a | 0 | ||||
Paraguayan Guaraní | no info | |||||
Paresi | no | Brandão 2010 | ||||
Pemon | yes | plural inclusives are suffixes, 2nd and 3rd plural possessives are circumfixes | de Armellada 1999: 14 | |||
Piapoco | no | Galindo, 2002: 99 | ||||
Pintupi | yes | 111; 120-122 | 1 | |||
Pitjantjatjara | Yes | G 125 | 1 | |||
Pitta-Pitta | yes | 200 | 1 | |||
Puinave | no | Giron 2008: p236 | ||||
Páez | yes | Jung:121-2 | ||||
Quechua Ayacuchano | yes | Parker 1965:23 | ||||
Resígaro | no | Allin, 1976: 185-187 | ||||
Ritharrngu | Yes | 24 | 1 | |||
Sanumá | no info | possibly for 3rd person | Borgman 1990: p.126-128 | |||
Serrano | no | |||||
Shoshone | no | |||||
Sikuani | no | de Kondo (Vol.1) - 1985:20; Queixalós - 2000:35, 131-132, 294-298 | ||||
Siona | yes | Can also be a preceding free particle (like "my"). | Wheeler - 1987:121-125 | |||
Southern Paiute | yes | |||||
Southern Ute | yes | |||||
Surui | no | |||||
Tanimuca | yes | The case marker -rika 'possessive' comes from the verb rika 'to have' and marks a normally human noun phrase as a possessor or owner. | Strom 1992, p.66 | |||
Tariana | no | Aikhenvald, 2003: 122 | ||||
Thanggati | yes | 29-30 | 1 | |||
Tharrkari | No | 26 | 0 | |||
Tikuna | no | Genitive phrases are formed out of a person pronoun+genitive (possessor) noun (possessed) | Montes 2004b:88-89 | |||
Timbisha | no | |||||
Tukano | no | but sometimes clitic =yaá= connects dependent to head | Ramirez 1997: 324 | |||
Uradhi | No | 352 | 0 | |||
Urarina | no | Olawsky:331-41 | ||||
Wajarri | Yes | 80 | 1 | |||
Wakaya | no | 325 | 0 | |||
Walmajarri | no | 0 | ||||
Wambaya | no | 0 | ||||
Wangkumara | no info | X | ||||
Waorani | no info | |||||
Wapishana | no | Santos, 2006: 101 | ||||
Warlpiri | no info | 0 | ||||
Warluwarra | no | 0 | ||||
Warnman | N/A | 23 | 0 | |||
Warrgamay | No | 76 | 0 | |||
Warrwa | yes | 1 | ||||
Warumungu | yes | 55 | 1 | |||
Warungu | n/a | 0 | ||||
Wathawurrung | yes | 82 | 1 | |||
Waunana | yes | Loewen 1954:79-80 | ||||
Wayuu | no | Mansen & Captain, 2000: p. 799 | ||||
Wemba-Wemba | yes | H 34 | 1 | |||
Western Mono | no | |||||
WesternTorres | no | 0 | ||||
Wiradjuri | no info | x | ||||
Wirangu | No | 74-75, 77 | 0 | |||
Woiwurrung | yes | 71 | 1 | |||
Worrorra | yes | 90-1 | 1 | |||
Yagua | no | Payne and Payne 1990 | ||||
Yalarnnga | n/a | 0 | ||||
Yan-nhangu | ||||||
Yandruwandha | n/a | 0 | ||||
Yanesha' | no | Duff-Tripp 1997:30-3 | ||||
Yanomami | yes | Ramirez 1994: 189 | ||||
Yanyuwa | no | 0 | ||||
Yavitero | no | Mosonyi, 1987: p. 38 | ||||
Yawuru | ||||||
Yidiny | yes | 1 | ||||
Yindjibarndi | no | 0 | ||||
Yindjilindji | no | 0 | ||||
Yine | no | Matteson 1965 | ||||
Yingkarta | yes | 1 | ||||
Yir Yoront | ||||||
Yorta Yorta | no | 73 | 0 | |||
Yugambeh | ||||||
Yukuna | no | Shauer & Shauer, 1978: 47, Shauer & Shauer, 200: p. 520 | ||||
Yulparija | No | 29 | 0 | |||
Yuwaalaraay | No | 48 | 0 |
Language |
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