Productive nominalizing morphology: action/state (arrive/arrival)
- Category
- Nominal Syntax - Derivation
- Notes
- There is a morpheme which derives an event from a verb
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Languages
| Language | Feature Status | Grammatical Notes | Source | Etymology Notes | General Notes | Phylogenetic Code |
|---|
Language | Feature Status | Grammatical Notes | Source | Etymology Notes | General Notes | Phylogenetic Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Achagua | no | Wilson & Levinsohn 1992: 51 | ||||
| Aché | no info | |||||
| Adnyamathanha | ||||||
| Aghu-Tharnggala | Yes | 50 | 1 | |||
| Aguaruna | yes | Overall 2007:428 | ||||
| Alyawarr | yes | 89 | 1 | |||
| Andoke | yes | event or state: to dream --> dream(ing), be white ---> the color white, whiteness; creates class 1 nouns | Landaburu 1979: 140-141 | possibly comes from verb 'to be' | ||
| Apurinã | yes | Facundes, 2000: 247 | ||||
| Arabana | no info | x | ||||
| Arrernte | Yes | 103 | 1 | |||
| Asheninka Apurucayali | no | Payne 1981; Payne 1983 | ||||
| Añun | no info | author does not discuss derivation | Patte 1989 | |||
| Bandjalang | yes | 96 | 1 | |||
| Baniwa | no info | Ramirez 2001 | ||||
| Barasano | no | Jones & Jones 1991, p.45 | ||||
| Bardi | no | 0 | ||||
| Bare | yes | Aikhenvald, 1995: 21 | ||||
| Batyala | no info | x | ||||
| Baure | yes | derived by -pi; derives abstract nouns | Danielsen 2007: p192 | |||
| Bidjara-Gungabula | no info | x | ||||
| Bilinarra | no info | 6.2.3.1 | x | |||
| Biri | no info | x | ||||
| Bora | no | Seifart - 2005:58-63 | ||||
| Bularnu | no info | x | ||||
| Bunuba | no info | x | ||||
| Cabecar | no info | |||||
| Cahuilla | ||||||
| Central Aymara | yes | ta is a suffix | Huayhua Pari 2001: 244 | |||
| Chemehuevi | ||||||
| Comanche | ||||||
| Cubeo | yes | Morse & Maxwell 1999, p. 87 | ||||
| Cupeño | ||||||
| Damana | yes | For all productive nominalizing, the morphemes used are verb roots or verbs or nouns--unsure if this is true nominalizing | ||||
| Darkinyung | no info | x | ||||
| Desano | yes | Action nominalizations are obtained with the deverbalizing suffix -ri or its past form -ra. | Miller 1999, p. 142 | less productively, -ro can also form an action nominalization. | ||
| Dharawal | no info | x | ||||
| Dharuk | ||||||
| Diyari | yes | 162-163 | 1 | |||
| Djabugay | ||||||
| Djapu | no | 0 | ||||
| Djinang | No | 129 | 0 | |||
| Duungidjawu | no | 43, 44 | 0 | |||
| Dyirbal | No | 81-5 | 0 | |||
| Dâw | no | Martins 2004 | ||||
| Eñepa | yes | Payne 2012:99 | ||||
| Gabrielino | ||||||
| Garrwa | no info | X | ||||
| Githabul | No | 26 | 0 | |||
| Gooniyandi | no info | x | ||||
| Guaymí | yes | It also expresses the agent | Quesada 2008:51 | |||
| Gugu-Badhun | no info | x | ||||
| Gumbaynggirr | yes | 367 | 1 | |||
| Guna | yes | Smith texts | ||||
| Gunya | No | 314 | 0 | |||
| Gupapuyngu | ||||||
| Gureng Gureng | no info | x | ||||
| Guugu-Yimidhirr | No | 99 | 0 | |||
| Hunter River and Lake Macquarie | maybe | 89 | 1 | |||
| Hup | yes | bare verb stem with rising tone | Epps 2008 | |||
| Idaho Shoshone | ||||||
| Ika | yes | Frank 1990:19 | ||||
| Ingá | yes | This is the past particple which is used as a deverbal nominalizer suffix | Levinson 1976b:17-8 | |||
| Jaru | no info | x | ||||
| Jingulu | no | 0 | ||||
| Kaingang | yes | Goncalves 2011:40 | ||||
| Kakua | yes | Bolaños fieldnotes | ||||
| Kalkatungu | no | 79, 56b | 0 | |||
| Karajarri | Yes | 238 | 1 | |||
| Karitiana | no | Everett 2006:296-300 | ||||
| Katthang | yes | 86-90 | 1 | |||
| Kaurna | No info | x | ||||
| Kawaiisu | ||||||
| Kinikinau | no info | |||||
| Kitanemuk | ||||||
| Kogi | no info | |||||
| Kokama | no | |||||
| Kokatha | No | 47 | 0 | |||
| Koreguaje | no | Cook & Criswell 1993, p.53- | ||||
| Kotiria | yes | Stenzel 2004, p. 154 | ||||
| Kugu-Nganhcara | No | 411 | 0 | |||
| Kuku Yalanji | no info | x | ||||
| Kunjen | No | 111 | 0 | |||
| Kurrama | no info | x | ||||
| Kuuk Thaayorre | No | 426 | 0 | |||
| Luiseño | ||||||
| Macaguan | no info | Buenaventura - 1993 | ||||
| Maipure | yes | derives a state | Zamponi 2003:27-28 | |||
| Makiritare | no info | Hall 1988 | ||||
| Makuna | no | Smothermon & Smothermon 1993, p.35 | ||||
| Makushi | yes | Abbott 1991: 95 | ||||
| Mapudungun | no info | |||||
| Marrgany | No | 314 | 0 | |||
| Martuthunira | no | 144-148 | 0 | |||
| Mathi-Mathi | no | 98 | 0 | |||
| Matses | yes | Fleck:293 | ||||
| Mayi-Yapi | No | 39 | 0 | |||
| Minica Witoto | yes | Minor and Minor 1982. p.98-100 | ||||
| Mpakwithi | ||||||
| Muruwari | yes | 82 (/kayi-n/) | 1 | |||
| Nadëb/Roçado dialect | no info | Weir 1984:85 | ||||
| Nanti | no | Michael, 2008. p. 303-304 | ||||
| Narungga | Yes | 70 | 1 | |||
| Naso | yes | Quesada 2000 | ||||
| Ngaatjatjara | No | 71 | 0 | |||
| Ngarinyeri | No info | x | ||||
| Ngarinyin | ||||||
| Ngayawang | No info | x | ||||
| Ngiyambaa | no | 199-200 | 0 | |||
| Nhanta | no info | x | ||||
| Nheengatu | yes | Cruz 2011:247 | ||||
| Ninam | no | Goodwin-Gomez, p.116-117 | "nominalization" but none of these kinds | |||
| Northern Emberá | no info | |||||
| Northern Paiute | ||||||
| Nyangumarta | no | 0 | ||||
| Nyikina | no | 0 | ||||
| Nyulnyul | no info | x | ||||
| Nyungar | no info | x | ||||
| Paakantyi | no info | X | ||||
| Palikur | no | Launey 2003 | ||||
| Panyjima | no | 0 | ||||
| Paraguayan Guaraní | yes | Krivoshein and Acosta 2001:115 | ||||
| Paresi | no info | Rowan 1978, Rowan and Burgess 1979, Brandão 2010 | ||||
| Pemon | no info | |||||
| Piapoco | yes | Galindo, 2002: 135 | ||||
| Pintupi | no info | x | ||||
| Pitjantjatjara | Yes | G 148 | 1 | |||
| Pitta-Pitta | No | 209 | 0 | |||
| Puinave | yes | Giron 2008: p246 | ||||
| Páez | no info | |||||
| Quechua Ayacuchano | yes | Parker 1965:29 | ||||
| Resígaro | yes | (1) is used for verb and adjective roots, (2) only for verb roots, based on the subtype of verb. | Allin, 1976: 111 | |||
| Ritharrngu | Yes | 77 | 1 | |||
| Sanumá | yes | Borgman 1990: 142-144 | ||||
| Serrano | ||||||
| Shoshone | ||||||
| Sikuani | yes | Queixalós 2000:162 | ||||
| Siona | yes | Wheeler - 1987:114 | ||||
| Southern Paiute | ||||||
| Southern Ute | ||||||
| Surui | no info | |||||
| Tanimuca | no | Strom 1992, p.72-83 | Participles marked with -eʔka involve tense and imply an event.(p.87) | |||
| Tariana | yes | Aikhenvald, 2003: 461 | ||||
| Thanggati | yes | 62-65 | 1 | |||
| Tharrkari | No | 21 | 0 | |||
| Tikuna | yes | Montes 2004b:82 | ||||
| Timbisha | ||||||
| Tukano | yes | suffix -se derives N from V, plus many other forms for deriving different genders/animacies with reference to time (current, past or future) | West and Welch 2004: 69; Ramirez 1997: 114, 277-8 | |||
| Uradhi | Yes | 372 | 1 | |||
| Urarina | no | Olawsky:404-5 | ||||
| Wajarri | No | 102 | 0 | |||
| Wakaya | yes | 10.1.4.1 | 1 | |||
| Walmajarri | no info | x | ||||
| Wambaya | no info | x | ||||
| Wangkumara | no | 14, 33 | 0 | |||
| Waorani | no info | |||||
| Wapishana | yes | Santos 2006:136 | ||||
| Warlpiri | no | n25 | 0 | |||
| Warluwarra | no info | x | ||||
| Warnman | No | 31 | 0 | |||
| Warrgamay | no info | x | ||||
| Warrwa | no info | x | ||||
| Warumungu | yes | 50 | 1 | |||
| Warungu | no? | 227-9 | 0 | |||
| Wathawurrung | no | 88-90 | 0 | |||
| Waunana | no info | |||||
| Wayuu | no info | No mention of nominalizing morphology in the morphological template for nouns. | Mansen & Captain 2000: p. 797 | |||
| Wemba-Wemba | no info | x | ||||
| Western Mono | ||||||
| WesternTorres | no info | FO 121 | x | |||
| Wiradjuri | no info | x | ||||
| Wirangu | No info | x | ||||
| Woiwurrung | no info | x | ||||
| Worrorra | no info | X | ||||
| Yagua | yes | different varieties | Payne and Payne 1990 | |||
| Yalarnnga | no info | x | ||||
| Yan-nhangu | ||||||
| Yandruwandha | no | 0 | ||||
| Yanesha' | yes | The orthographic form of the morpheme is -añ/-ñ but no key for a phonological form is given | Duff-Tripp 1997:38 | |||
| Yanomami | no | Ramirez 1994: 363-378 | no mention of this, but there is one that derives a location | |||
| Yanyuwa | no info | x | ||||
| Yavitero | no | Mosonyi, 1987: p. 46-48 | ||||
| Yawuru | ||||||
| Yidiny | not done yet | X | ||||
| Yindjibarndi | no info | x | ||||
| Yindjilindji | yes | 1 | ||||
| Yine | no info | Matteson 1965 | ||||
| Yingkarta | no info | x | ||||
| Yir Yoront | ||||||
| Yorta Yorta | maybe | 98 | 1 | |||
| Yugambeh | ||||||
| Yukuna | no | There are three nominalizing markers. One seems to be an object nominalizer, (see line 97), suggesting that agentive and action/state nominalizers, if present, aren't productive. | Shauer & Shauer, 1978: p. 48 | |||
| Yulparija | Maybe | 55 | 1 | |||
| Yuwaalaraay | Yes | 106 | 1 |
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