Productive verbalizing morphology
- Category
- Nominal Syntax - Derivation
- Notes
- There is a morpheme which derives a verb from a noun or adjective
Sorry, we have no imagery here.
Sorry, we have no imagery here.
Sorry, we have no imagery here.
Sorry, we have no imagery here.
Sorry, we have no imagery here.
Sorry, we have no imagery here.
Sorry, we have no imagery here.
Sorry, we have no imagery here.
Sorry, we have no imagery here.
Sorry, we have no imagery here.
Sorry, we have no imagery here.
Sorry, we have no imagery here.
Languages
| Language | Feature Status | Grammatical Notes | Source | Etymology Notes | General Notes | Phylogenetic Code |
|---|
Language | Feature Status | Grammatical Notes | Source | Etymology Notes | General Notes | Phylogenetic Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Achagua | yes | Wilson & Levinsohn 1992: 53 | ||||
| Aché | no info | |||||
| Adnyamathanha | ||||||
| Aghu-Tharnggala | No info | 73 | x | |||
| Aguaruna | no info | |||||
| Alyawarr | yes | 66-7 | 1 | |||
| Andoke | yes | 2: prefix: í- attaches to 'relative nouns' (generally classifiers or inalienably possessed nouns) , suffix -i attaches to nouns, means 'get/make N' | Landaburu 1979: 182 | |||
| Apurinã | yes | No indication of how productive it is, but it is also used on verbal roots. | Facundes, 2000: 324 | |||
| Arabana | yes | 137-40 | 1 | |||
| Arrernte | Yes | 194 | 1 | |||
| Asheninka Apurucayali | no | According to Mihas, some nouns may be derived from verbs | Payne 1981; Payne 1983; Mihas 2010:143 | |||
| Añun | no info | Patte 1989 | ||||
| Bandjalang | yes | 87 | 1 | |||
| Baniwa | yes | Ramirez 2001 | ||||
| Barasano | no | Jones & Jones 1991, p.63 | ||||
| Bardi | no | 0 | ||||
| Bare | yes | Aikhenvald, 1995: 39 | ||||
| Batyala | no info | x | ||||
| Baure | yes | suffix -si attached to nominal root | Danielsen 2007: p89 | |||
| Bidjara-Gungabula | no info | x | ||||
| Bilinarra | no info | x | ||||
| Biri | no info | x | ||||
| Bora | yes | Seifart - 2005:58 | ||||
| Bularnu | yes | 66 | 1 | |||
| Bunuba | no info | x | ||||
| Cabecar | no info | |||||
| Cahuilla | ||||||
| Central Aymara | yes | Huayhua Pari 2001: 168 | ||||
| Chemehuevi | ||||||
| Comanche | ||||||
| Cubeo | yes | occurs very rarely | Morse & Maxwell 1999, p. 54 | Denominal verbs are quite rare in Cubeo. One of the few examples of a suffix which derives a (stative) verb from a noun is -xi 'have a bad taste or odor of X', where X is the noun. | ||
| Cupeño | ||||||
| Damana | yes | For verbalizing, nouns are usually combined with verbs to create new verbs | ||||
| Darkinyung | yes | 38-9 | 1 | |||
| Desano | yes | There are several derivational suffixes in Desano that are used to derive verbs from nouns. The most productive is -ki that makes a possessive verb out of a noun. | Miller 1999, p.110-111 | Also, -ye added to a noun has the meaning of 'give'. Verbs derived with -ye are bitransitive. | ||
| Dharawal | maybe | 57; 61 | 1 | |||
| Dharuk | ||||||
| Diyari | yes | 164-169 | 1 | |||
| Djabugay | ||||||
| Djapu | yes | 112-4 | 1 | |||
| Djinang | Yes | 118 | 1 | |||
| Duungidjawu | yes | 89-90 | 1 | |||
| Dyirbal | yes | 85-9 | 1 | |||
| Dâw | yes | not a morpheme actually, but a tone change: deverbizers. Martins 2005:155 | Martins 2004 | |||
| Eñepa | yes | To form intransitive verbs | Thomas Payne 1995:304 | |||
| Gabrielino | ||||||
| Garrwa | no info | X | ||||
| Githabul | No | 9 | 0 | |||
| Gooniyandi | no info | x | ||||
| Guaymí | no | Quesada 2008:49-146 | ||||
| Gugu-Badhun | yes | 99 | 1 | |||
| Gumbaynggirr | yes | 305-308 | 1 | |||
| Guna | no | Smith texts | ||||
| Gunya | No | 329 | 0 | |||
| Gupapuyngu | ||||||
| Gureng Gureng | no info | x | ||||
| Guugu-Yimidhirr | yes | 65 | 1 | |||
| Hunter River and Lake Macquarie | yes | 83-84 | 1 | |||
| Hup | yes | related to verb 'be' | Epps 2008 | |||
| Idaho Shoshone | ||||||
| Ika | no info | |||||
| Ingá | yes | It indicates a change of state | Levinson 1976b:31-2 | |||
| Jaru | no info | x | ||||
| Jingulu | no | 0 | ||||
| Kaingang | no info | Silva 2011/Goncalves 2011 | ||||
| Kakua | yes | Bolaños fieldnotes | ||||
| Kalkatungu | yes | 85-6, 29b | 1 | |||
| Karajarri | Yes | 87 | 1 | |||
| Karitiana | no info | |||||
| Katthang | yes | 84-86 | 1 | |||
| Kaurna | yes | 15 | 1 | |||
| Kawaiisu | ||||||
| Kinikinau | yes | Souza 2008:83 | ||||
| Kitanemuk | ||||||
| Kogi | no info | |||||
| Kokama | yes | Vallejos 2010:385-393 | ||||
| Kokatha | Yes | 27 | 1 | |||
| Koreguaje | yes | Cook & Criswell 1993, p.79 | ||||
| Kotiria | yes | Stenzel 2004 | ||||
| Kugu-Nganhcara | yes | 414 | 1 | |||
| Kuku Yalanji | yes | 89 | 1 | |||
| Kunjen | No | 74 | 0 | |||
| Kurrama | yes | 150-157 | 1 | |||
| Kuuk Thaayorre | Yes | 422 | 1 | |||
| Luiseño | ||||||
| Macaguan | no info | Buenaventura - 1993 | ||||
| Maipure | yes | author does not note how productive it is | Zamponi 2003:44 | |||
| Makiritare | no info | Hall 1988: 104 | "seem to be partially nominal in origin" | |||
| Makuna | no | Smothermon & Smothermon 1993, p.33-42 | ||||
| Makushi | yes | Carson 1982:134 | ||||
| Mapudungun | yes | However, the main strategy to verbalize nouns and adjective (and even any word category) is by zero nominalization. In other words, the noun or adjective (or other grammatical category) just takes verbal morphology (like tense) to behave as a verb. | Salas 1992, p.193-5 | It seems that verbalization is possible by only adding verbal morphology to nouns or adjectives. However, there are certain nouns which require a verbalizer suffix. Further, there are some verbalizers which derive meanigs as: "become X" or "to perfomr the | ||
| Marrgany | yes | 319 | 1 | |||
| Martuthunira | yes | 142 | 1 | |||
| Mathi-Mathi | yes | 101 | 1 | |||
| Matses | yes | Fleck:457 | ||||
| Mayi-Yapi | yes | 55 | 1 | |||
| Minica Witoto | yes | Minor and Minor 1982. p.49, 101 | ||||
| Mpakwithi | ||||||
| Muruwari | yes | 130 | 1 | |||
| Nadëb/Roçado dialect | no info | Weir 1984 | ||||
| Nanti | no | Michael, 2008. p. 247-290 | ||||
| Narungga | Yes | 62 | 1 | |||
| Naso | no | Quesada 2000 | ||||
| Ngaatjatjara | yes | 71 | 1 | |||
| Ngarinyeri | No info | x | ||||
| Ngarinyin | ||||||
| Ngayawang | yes | 14 | 1 | |||
| Ngiyambaa | no | 118 | 0 | |||
| Nhanta | yes | 89 | 1 | |||
| Nheengatu | no | Cruz 2011 | ||||
| Ninam | yes | Goodwin-Gomez, p.117-118 | ||||
| Northern Emberá | yes | Aguirre 1999:41-3 | Chamí | |||
| Northern Paiute | ||||||
| Nyangumarta | yes | 1 | ||||
| Nyikina | no | 0 | ||||
| Nyulnyul | no info | x | ||||
| Nyungar | no info | x | ||||
| Paakantyi | yes | 177, 181 | 1 | |||
| Palikur | yes | Green and Green 1972:73-4 | ||||
| Panyjima | yes | 153-156 | 1 | |||
| Paraguayan Guaraní | yes | There are more than 10 verbalizers These are mainly verbal suffixes | Krivoshein and Acosta 2001:116-8 | |||
| Paresi | yes | Rowan and Burgess 1979:90 | ||||
| Pemon | yes | de Armellada 1999: 260 to 263 | ||||
| Piapoco | no | Adjectives and nouns can act as stative verbs without any sort of special morphology. | Galindo, 2002: 152-153 | |||
| Pintupi | yes | 137-145 | 1 | |||
| Pitjantjatjara | Yes | Y 9 | 1 | |||
| Pitta-Pitta | yes | 211 | 1 | |||
| Puinave | no | The author states that "there is no morphology to produce verbs out of names" | Giron 2008: p186 | |||
| Páez | no info | |||||
| Quechua Ayacuchano | yes | The first usually derives a transitive verb whereas the second derives an intransitive verb | Parker 1965:67-9 | |||
| Resígaro | no | All verbal derivation morphology derive verbs from verb roots. | Allin, 1976: 106-107 | |||
| Ritharrngu | Yes | 60 | 1 | |||
| Sanumá | no info | Borgman 1990 | ||||
| Serrano | ||||||
| Shoshone | ||||||
| Sikuani | no | de Kondo (Vol.1,2) - 1985 | ||||
| Siona | no info | Wheeler - 1970; Wheeler - 1987 | ||||
| Southern Paiute | ||||||
| Southern Ute | ||||||
| Surui | no info | |||||
| Tanimuca | no | Strom 1992, p.28-33 | ||||
| Tariana | no | The morphological causative -ita is used to nominalize some verbs, but this is not fully productive. | Aikhenvald, 2003: 77 | |||
| Thanggati | yes | 57 | 1 | |||
| Tharrkari | Yes | 36 | 1 | |||
| Tikuna | yes | Montes 2004b:80 | ||||
| Timbisha | ||||||
| Tukano | yes | suffix: -ti; usually means "to have N" | Ramirez 1997: 353 | |||
| Uradhi | Yes | 334 | 1 | |||
| Urarina | yes | There is a denominal verbalizer | Olawsky:406 | |||
| Wajarri | Yes | 93 | 1 | |||
| Wakaya | yes | 10.2.3.2 | 1 | |||
| Walmajarri | yes | 1 | ||||
| Wambaya | yes | 1 | ||||
| Wangkumara | yes | 38 | 1 | |||
| Waorani | no info | |||||
| Wapishana | yes | Santos 2006:157 | ||||
| Warlpiri | no | 0 | ||||
| Warluwarra | yes | 955 | 1 | |||
| Warnman | Yes | 44 | 1 | |||
| Warrgamay | Yes | 72 | 1 | |||
| Warrwa | no info | x | ||||
| Warumungu | yes | 50 | 1 | |||
| Warungu | yes | 310 | 1 | |||
| Wathawurrung | maybe | 90 | 1 | |||
| Waunana | no info | |||||
| Wayuu | no | The particle calacá is used with a verbalizing capacity with non-verbs. Perhaps this is better described as a light verb, since it's called a “verb auxiliary” and used with a verbalizing function?? | Mansen & Captain 2000: p. 801, Mansen & Mansen 1976: p. 155 | |||
| Wemba-Wemba | yes | H 49-50 | 1 | |||
| Western Mono | ||||||
| WesternTorres | no info | FO 121 | x | |||
| Wiradjuri | yes | 19 | 1 | |||
| Wirangu | yes | 101-2 | 1 | |||
| Woiwurrung | no info | x | ||||
| Worrorra | no info | X | ||||
| Yagua | yes | Payne and Payne 1990 | ||||
| Yalarnnga | yes | 35-6 | 1 | |||
| Yan-nhangu | ||||||
| Yandruwandha | yes | 177 | 1 | |||
| Yanesha' | yes | The orthographic form is -V´t/-Vt/-t where V stands for a vowel | Duff-Tripp 1997:42 | |||
| Yanomami | yes | Ramirez 1994: 367 | ||||
| Yanyuwa | no info | x | ||||
| Yavitero | no | No mention of a verbalizer under verbs or nouns. | Mosonyi, 1987: p. 45-47, 69-70 | |||
| Yawuru | ||||||
| Yidiny | yes | 1 | ||||
| Yindjibarndi | yes | 83-91 | 1 | |||
| Yindjilindji | yes | 513 | 1 | |||
| Yine | no info | Matteson 1965 | ||||
| Yingkarta | yes | 1 | ||||
| Yir Yoront | ||||||
| Yorta Yorta | yes | 99 | 1 | |||
| Yugambeh | ||||||
| Yukuna | yes | Applies to nouns, adjective, adverbs AND verbs. There are only a few verb nuclei that consist solely of a vebral root. | Shauer & Shauer, 1978: 48 | |||
| Yulparija | Yes | 47 | 1 | |||
| Yuwaalaraay | yes | 107 | 1 |
| Language |
|---|
Showing 1 to 193 of 193 entries