Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

hawk

Semantic Field: flora-fauna
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish: halcón, gavilán
Meaning Portuguese: gavião

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Language	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Range of Term	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Classifier	Classifier Notes	Hypernym	Source	Association with Social Categories	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Ritual Notes	Food Source	Food Notes	Medicinal	Medicinal Notes	How Collected	Who Collects	How Prepared	Psychotropic	Psychotropic Notes	Traded	Trade Notes	Distribution	Habitat	Dangerous	Ethnobiology Notes	Species Notes	General Notes

Language	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Range of Term	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Classifier	Classifier Notes	Source	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Food Source	Medicinal	Psychotropic	Traded	Dangerous	General Notes
Achagua	family Accipitridae	tolótolo	tolótolo		unique									See Language page
Aché	family Accipitridae		tõrã		unique		cf. Yagua							See Language page
Aguaruna	family Accipitridae	chikiwí	tʃikiwí		loan, direction unknown		Candoshi							See Language page
Akawaio	family Accipitridae	ariiya	ariya		unique	Akawaio, Pemon								See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	no
Andoke	family Accipitridae	kadaǝ(ü)hí (RW52)			unique									See Language page
Apalai	family Accipitridae	piano	piano		inheritance									See Language page
Araona	family Accipitridae		tawata [TG loan]											See Language page
Ashuar	family Accipitridae	kauta	kãũta											See Language page
Baniwa	family Accipitridae	péeri; háawa (R01); kawáwiɺi 'scissor-hawk' (FS)	péeɻi; háawa (R01); kawáwiɺi 'scissor-hawk' (FS)		inheritance	Central North Arawak, Rio Negro branch		Also kawáwiɺi (FS)		uncoded				See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	no
Barí	family Accipitridae		ōtakdā											See Language page							Chibchan form is 'pũ, also 'eagle'.
Bora	family Accipitridae	méwaájɨ (generic) (T98)	mékwaáxɨ		unique									See Language page
Candoshi-Shapra	family Accipitridae	tskivi	tskibi		loan, direction unknown		Aguaruna tʃikiwí							See Language page
Carijona	family Accipitridae	hiyana (M2000)			inheritance									See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	no
Cavineña	family Accipitridae	wiwipa	wiwipa											See Language page
Cayuvava	family Accipitridae		ko'koi											See Language page
Central Aymara	family Accipitridae	mamani (P04)	mamani											See Language page
Cha'palaa	family Accipitridae		'hu-'ya-lʸu											See Language page							Lit. 'feather-passive-full'.
Chipaya	family Accipitridae		ṣ̌ḳara; mamani [Aymara loan]											See Language page							Refers to specific kinds of hawks. Also paka. Uru-J form is ṣ̌ḳara.
Chiriguano	family Accipitridae		(g)ʷɨra-kee		unique									See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja	family Accipitridae		afʷenas-ikyeʔ											See Language page
Chácobo	family Accipitridae	tɨtɨ-pa	tɨtɨ-pa		inheritance									See Language page
Cofán	family Accipitridae	macama, cancancaon pindo (OP79)												See Language page							phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS
Cubeo	family Accipitridae	míyavi (generic term), cãtama, ĩeiebʉ (gavilán bidenten), ʉ̃robo (gavilán cangrejeron), toave (gavilán enano, gavilán pantalón), taquemiyavi (gavilán pita venado), cʉrapirebʉ (gavilán plomizo), cavavidi (gavilán tijereta)	míjavi, catama, ĩɛiɛbɨ, ɨ̃lobo, toavɛ, takɛmijavi, kɨlapilɛbɨ, kavavidi		unique			Also cãtama, ĩeiebʉ (gavilán bidenten), ʉ̃robo (gavilán cangrejeron), toave (gavilán enano, gavilán pantalón), taquemiyavi (gavilán pita venado), cʉrapirebʉ (gavilán plomizo), cavavidi (gavilán tijereta)		uncoded				See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	no
Desano	family Accipitridae	ga	ga		inheritance	East Tukanoan				uncoded				See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	no
Djeoromitxi	family Accipitridae	pikuri	pikuri											See Language page
Dâw	family Accipitridae	wiír	wǐh		inheritance					underived				See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	no
Epena	family Accipitridae		ne'hõpɨ											See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo	family Accipitridae	wipa	wipa											See Language page
Eñepa	family Accipitridae	yɨmuk	jɨmuk	hawk, vulture	missing			lack of differentiation here may be a mistake in source?						See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	no
Hodï	family Accipitridae	more	bole		unknown		cf. Piaroa pa'reh			uncoded				See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	no
Huambisa	family Accipitridae	ukukui	ukukui											See Language page
Hup	family Accipitridae	wǐh	wǐh		inheritance					underived				See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	no
Ingá	family Accipitridae	animas pisku, ilili												See Language page
Iquito	family Accipitridae	nɨɨsína	nɨɨsína		unique									See Language page
Itonama	family Accipitridae		o-čˀiʔye; o-tʸili											See Language page
Kabiyari	family Accipitridae	péeri	péeɾi											See Language page
Kaingang	family Accipitridae	hũg, tògfĩn	hũŋ; tɔŋΦĩn											See Language page
Kakataibo	family Accipitridae		tɨ'tɨ											See Language page							Panoan tɨtɨpa.
Kakua	family Accipitridae	haw	haw		unknown		cf. Puinave hu			underived				See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	no
Kamayurá	family Accipitridae	wɨrapɨ	wɨrapɨ		unique									See Language page
Kanamarí	family Accipitridae	pawaru	pawarɯ	gavião										Magalhães 2018:358
Karajá	family Accipitridae		hire											See Language page
Kariña	family Accipitridae	pyjausi	pɨjausi	hawk										Yamada 2010:798						no
Karitiana	family Accipitridae	pypỹrĩ	pɨpɨ̃ɾĩ		unknown									See Language page
Katukina	family Accipitridae		tɨtɨ											See Language page
Koreguaje	family Accipitridae	pĩ'a tao (tao=eagle)	pĩʔa thao		unique									See Language page
Kotiria	family Accipitridae	kha	kʰa		inheritance	East Tukanoan				uncoded				See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	no
Kwazá	family Accipitridae	ũcady	ũcady											See Language page
Lengua	family Accipitridae		me'wa											See Language page
Lokono	family Accipitridae	bariri	bariri	hawk										Fanshawe 1949:59						no
Maca	family Accipitridae		miyo (m.)											See Language page							Local name is 'aguilucho colorado' (Heterospizias meridionalis).
Macaguan	family Accipitridae	jujúli	huhúli		unique					uncoded				See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	no
Maihiki	family Accipitridae	bibe aguɨ	bibe agɨ̃		inheritance	West Tukanoan				uncoded		agɨ	agɨ = masculine animate	See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	no
Makiritare	family Accipitridae	hiyāna (IDS); hiya:na (KH)	hija:na		inheritance									See Language page
Makuna	family Accipitridae	gajagʉ	gaxagɨ		doubtful loan		Yucuna kapana, Nheengatu karipira							See Language page
Mapoyo	family Accipitridae	wirihpaya	wirihpaya											See Language page
Matses	family Accipitridae	chiquin	tʃikin		unknown									See Language page
Movima	family Accipitridae	yocamopa (chuhubi gavilan) (J62)	jokamopa											See Language page
Muinane	family Accipitridae	búcaɨ, túúnumo (W97)	búkaɨ, túúnumo											See Language page
Muisca	family Accipitridae	umpa	umpa											See Language page
Murui Witoto	family Accipitridae	nuìcɨ	nuìkɯ (B83)		unique									See Language page
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect	family Accipitridae		wowiːh											See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect	family Accipitridae		waʔwiːʔ		inheritance									See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua	family Accipitridae	huamani, churu anga(OP79)	wamanu, tʃuru											See Language page
Nheengatu	family Accipitridae	karipira, wirawasu (Mello 2000)	karipira, wirawasu (Mello 2000)	gavião real ('royal hawk')	unique					Other complex	bird-AUG			See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	no
Nivaclé	family Accipitridae		šeyanɔx; c̷imaxa tˀoʔt											See Language page							First example refers to a white hawk.
Northern Emberá	family Accipitridae	néhobũ	néhobũ											See Language page
Ocaina	family Accipitridae	mááxañ̈o, nóónhso, báácoa, téntso	mááxaɲ:o, nóónhso, báácoa, téntso		unique									See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní	family Accipitridae		taɣʷato; kiri-kiri											See Language page
Paresi	family Accipitridae	kokoi 'gavião' (Kaxinitiː ko'koi)	kukui 'gavião' (Kaxinitiː ko'koi)		inheritance		shared Yavitero							See Language page
Pemon	family Accipitridae	ariiyak (E1980); seneik (especie de galvilán) (A1981)	ariʎak (E1980); seneik (A1981)		inheritance	Akawaio, Pemon		Also seneik (hawk species)						See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	no
Piapoco	family Accipitridae	chíiyàali; á(a)wa (R01)	tʃí:jàali; á(a)wa (R01)											See Language page
Piaroa	family Accipitridae	pa'réh (K76)	pa'réh		unknown		see Hodɨ bole							See Language page
Puinave	family Accipitridae	hu	hu		unique		cf. Kakua haw							See Language page
Pumé	family Accipitridae	apɛpara pua												See Language page
Páez	family Accipitridae	optond, yugué	optond, yuge											See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano	family Accipitridae	anka	anka											See Language page
Resígaro	family Accipitridae	peegí (R01)	peegí (R01)		inheritance					missing				See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	no
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité	family Accipitridae		kilyipit sanaki											See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet	family Accipitridae		kelyekmehet											See Language page
Sanumá	family Accipitridae	kokoi	kokoi		loan		Arawak	e.g. Yavitero kukuwi		uncoded				See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	no
Secoya	family Accipitridae	huihue	wiwɛ											See Language page
Selknam	family Accipitridae		č-è-etl											See Language page
Shipibo-Konibo	family Accipitridae		tɨtɨ											See Language page
Sikuani	family Accipitridae	amaro (2), amaru (2), kawakawa (3), kokopi (2), kuyawisi (3)(Pandion haliaetus)	amáro, amáru		unique			also kawakawa (3), kokopi (2), kuyawisi (3)(Pandion haliaetus)		uncoded				See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	no
Siona	family Accipitridae	huihue	huihue		inheritance									See Language page
Siriano	family Accipitridae	gaparʉ	gapaɾɨ											See Language page
Sirionó	family Accipitridae	ŋira	ŋira		unknown									See Language page
Southern Pastaza Quechua	family Accipitridae	anga	anga											See Language page
Suyá	family Accipitridae	seysaká	sejsaká											See Language page
Sáliva	family Accipitridae	callalla (small hawk)	kaʤaʤa (small hawk)		unknown									See Language page
Tanimuca	family Accipitridae	a'waka	a'waka		unique									See Language page
Tariana	family Accipitridae	dukúliphe péɾi	dukúlipʰe péɾi		inheritance	Central North Arawak, Rio Negro branch				uncoded				See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	no
Taushiro	family Accipitridae	i´tova	iʔtowa											See Language page
Tikuna	family Accipitridae	dá-ûe (alv44)	dáʔwe		unique									See Language page
Tiriyó	family Accipitridae	kahkakane (crane hawk)	kahkakane		doubtful loan, direction unknown		Tupi-Guarani (see Aura kar'kara) or Wapishana: possibly onomatopoeic							See Language page
Tukano	family Accipitridae	aâ	aâ		unique					uncoded				See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	no
Tuyuka	family Accipitridae	kaa	kaa											See Language page
Wai Wai	family Accipitridae	wikoko	wikoko		doubtful loan, direction unknown		see Sanuma kokoi; also Huambisa							See Language page
Waorani	family Accipitridae	pogæ̃ka			unique		but cf. Quechua anka			uncoded				See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	no
Wapishana	family Accipitridae	kʰara-kʰarari	kʰara-kʰarari		doubtful loan, direction unknown		Tupi-Guarani (see Aura kar'kara) or Tiriyo kahkakane: possibly onomatopoeic							See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	no
Wari	family Accipitridae	hije, ʔarakome (Sousa2009)	hije, ʔarakome (Sousa2009)											See Language page
Waurá	family Accipitridae	kuhupɨža	kuhupɨža		unknown									See Language page
Wayampi	family Accipitridae	tawatɔ	tawatɔ		inheritance									See Language page
Wayana	family Accipitridae	akawaktau	akawaktau		unique									See Language page
Wayuu	family Accipitridae		wor̃oľopai											See Language page							Also naai; these are the best known.
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay	family Accipitridae		eɬ-kut											See Language page
Yabarana	family Accipitridae		wa'rawa											See Language page
Yagua	family Accipitridae	tono	tõno		unique									See Language page
Yaminahua	family Accipitridae		tɨtɨ											See Language page
Yanomami	family Accipitridae	wiiwiimɨ	wi:wi:mɨ		doubtful loan		Carib, esp. Mapoyo wirihpaya	esp. WaiWai wi-koko; Mapoyo wirihpaya		underived				See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	no
Yavitero	family Accipitridae	ku'kuwi	ku'kuwi											See Language page
Yine	family Accipitridae		koyano; koyataľe											See Language page							Also pakča; šixhinro; škirɨ.
Yuhup	family Accipitridae	wîh	wîh		inheritance					underived				See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	no
Yukuna	family Accipitridae	kapana 'especie más grande', kalapichi perí	kapana 'especie más gɾande', kalapitʃi peɾí		doubtful loan		Tukanoan: Macuna/Siriono gaparɨ, or Nheengatu karipira	Also kalapitʃi peɾí	Narrower: large hawk type	uncoded				See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	no
Záparo	family Accipitridae	sɨsɨka	sɨsɨka											See Language page


Achagua
Aché
Aguaruna
Akawaio
Andoke
Apalai
Araona
Ashuar
Baniwa
Barí
Bora
Candoshi-Shapra
Carijona
Cavineña
Cayuvava
Central Aymara
Cha'palaa
Chipaya
Chiriguano
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja
Chácobo
Cofán
Cubeo
Desano
Djeoromitxi
Dâw
Epena
Ese Ejja/Huarayo
Eñepa
Hodï
Huambisa
Hup
Ingá
Iquito
Itonama
Kabiyari
Kaingang
Kakataibo
Kakua
Kamayurá
Kanamarí
Karajá
Kariña
Karitiana
Katukina
Koreguaje
Kotiria
Kwazá
Lengua
Lokono
Maca
Macaguan
Maihiki
Makiritare
Makuna
Mapoyo
Matses
Movima
Muinane
Muisca
Murui Witoto
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect
Nadëb/Roçado dialect
Napo Lowland Quichua
Nheengatu
Nivaclé
Northern Emberá
Ocaina
Paraguayan Guaraní
Paresi
Pemon
Piapoco
Piaroa
Puinave
Pumé
Páez
Quechua Ayacuchano
Resígaro
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet
Sanumá
Secoya
Selknam
Shipibo-Konibo
Sikuani
Siona
Siriano
Sirionó
Southern Pastaza Quechua
Suyá
Sáliva
Tanimuca
Tariana
Taushiro
Tikuna
Tiriyó
Tukano
Tuyuka
Wai Wai
Waorani
Wapishana
Wari
Waurá
Wayampi
Wayana
Wayuu
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay
Yabarana
Yagua
Yaminahua
Yanomami
Yavitero
Yine
Yuhup
Yukuna
Záparo

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