Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

bead

Semantic Field: culture-material
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish: abalorio, mostacilla, cuenta, gota, puca; necklace=collar
Meaning Portuguese: miçanga

Sorry, we have no imagery here.

Languages

Copy CSV

Search:

Language	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Etymology Notes	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	General Notes	Source

Language	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Etymology Notes	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	General Notes	Source
Achagua	wabaíʃi	wabaíʃi		unique										See Language page
Aguaruna	shaúk	ʃaúk		unknown										See Language page
Akawaio	kazuuruu	kazuru		loan - WW		Pemongan subgroup	%kasiru							See Language page
Apalai	kasuru	kasuru		loan - WW			%kasiru							See Language page
Ayoreo		'araguu-a											Refers to big, black seed-beads; small black seed-beads is pu'ru-i.	See Language page
Baniwa	malóyo	maɺójo		inheritance			shared Warekena				Simplex			See Language page
Bankalachi Toloim	lil'-nah		beads	loan			Yokuts				simplex			Merriam 49:183
Barí		karahšī												See Language page
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone	coon		beads	inheritance	*coiN	Numic				Also in Southern Numic; Stubbs 1513	simplex			Crapo 1976
Bora	ícyááveu	íkhjaβeu		unknown										See Language page
Cahuilla	missing			missing
Carijona	mereguai (M2000)			unique										See Language page
Cayuvava		nãβõkũ												See Language page
Central Aymara		walʸḳa												See Language page
Central Sierra Miwok	lúk:u-		shell beads	inheritance		Proto-Eastern Miwok				Note Mie luk:u- 'piece of abalone shell'; hów:out- 'disk beads'	simplex			Freeland & Broadbent 1960
Cha'palaa		wi											'To thread (beads)' is 'šui-nu.	See Language page
Chemehuevi	himpY		shell beads of size and shape (cheerios JHH)	inheritance	*hini	Numic				Stubbs 2011 2283; see Chemehuevi "bead"; probably a "belongings" word	other complex			Harrington Chemehuevi Noun List (K. Hill 1969)
Chiriguano		ᵐbae-r-apua		unique										See Language page
Chumash Barbareno	k'elk'ilïlï		beads	unknown							reduplicated			Beeler 1978
Chumash Ineseno	7apï	ï is barred i	kind of bead	unknown						čiphï7 a kind of long bead p 249 -- I've passed 2 other kinds, FIND	simplex			Applegate 1972
Chumash Obispeno	te7le		abalorio, cuentitas que ponen el el pescuezo	inheritance	*-el	Proto-Chumashan				Klar 1977	simplex	this has borrowed the Salinan prefix but it's not a prefix in OC		Harrington
Chumash Ventureno	si-ciyel'iku	l' in Mamet 2008:82	a bead	unknown						al-taqaš Applegate 1973 Ch. 10:9	derived	si is just definite article but the rest is obviously multimorphemic		Harrington 1974
Chácobo	amɨ-čirotamɨšti	amɨ-čirotamɨšti		unknown										See Language page
Cocopa	şak7ú:l		beads	inheritance		Proto-Yuman				see Mojave	simplex			Crawford 1989
Comanche	tsoomY		bead	inheritance	*coiN	Numic				Also in Southern Numic; Stubbs 1513	simplex			Robinson & Armagost 1990
Cupeño	missing			missing
Desano	ñahguida	ñahgida		inheritance		Proto-East Tukanoan								See Language page
Dâw	ked rẽè	kæd hæ̃̂		unique										See Language page
Epena		kʰɨ'r̃ɨma												See Language page
Esselen	missing			missing
Eñepa	əʔnan	əʔnan		unique										See Language page
Gabrielino	to-koo-par		beads	inheritance	*tukuC-pa	Northern Uto-Aztecan				Stubbs 2011 2032b, related to (a) "sky"; also tomo:$axar kind of beads H 456	other complex			Merriam 49:97
Hodï	ʰkʷã lãka	ʰkʷã lãka	bead, necklace	unique							Other complex	ʰkʷã 'throat'		See Language page
Hup	g'ǎç	g'ǎç		doubtful loan - WW			%kasiru	WW	%kasuru	Wapishana (Arawak) kʰaʃuru; Carib (e.g. Akawaio kazuru); Matses (Pano) kasɨɾɯ	Simplex			See Language page
Ignaciano		-taʔi												See Language page
Iipay 'Aa	sho-kōl'		beads, necklace	inheritance		Proto-Yuman				see Mojave	simplex			Merriam 38:209
Ingá	wallka	waʎka												See Language page
Iquito	taraásiija	taraásiiha		unknown										See Language page
Itonama		pusore												See Language page
Kakataibo		muru											Beads, [kind of] seeds [strung for decoration]'.	See Language page
Kariña	kasuru	kasuru	beads				Yamada 2010:748
Katukina		βononi												See Language page
Kawaiisu	tugu-bi		beads, iron	inheritance	*tukuC-pa	Northern Uto-Aztecan				Stubbs 2011 2032b, related to (a) "sky"	other complex			Zigmond et al. 1990
Kiliwa	missing			missing
Kitanemuk	tukuhpač		bead (gen.?), metal, sky	inheritance	*tukuC-pa	Northern Uto-Aztecan				Stubbs 2011 2032b, related to (a) "sky"	other complex			Anderton 1988
Kwazá	kanɛto	kanɛto												See Language page
Lake Miwok	húuja		bead, beads	loan			Southeastern Pomo			but note e.g. *ho:wot (Pmie) Callaghan 1997:58	simplex			Callaghan 1965
Lengua		lamum												See Language page
Luiseño	pavyut		ceremonial wand, ceremonial beads	inheritance	payu, papayu	Takic				Stubbs 2011 1268a Lu, Ca, add Gab	other complex	really reduplicated but probably not synchronically		Elliott 1999
Maca		esixiyiniɬ (m. pl)												See Language page
Macaguan	asúlap (necklace)		necklace	unknown										See Language page
Maidu	wókkolò		small sea shell punched with a hole, acquired by trading	inheritance	*…wók'	Proto-Maiduan	unknown	WW	%waku	Ultan 1964:368; Merriam has boom-yi'-yah, Dentalium 41:271, boom-yo'-yo 41:349	derived			Shipley 1963
Makiritare	mayūdu (IDS): mayu:du (KH)	maju:du		loan			Arawak, see Warekena majúlu							See Language page
Makushi	kaʔsiru	kaʔsiru		loan - WW		Pemongan subgroup	%kasiru							See Language page
Mapudungun		lʸaŋkatu												See Language page
Matses	casëdu	kasɨdu		loan - WW			%kasiru							See Language page
Mocoví		--												See Language page
Mojave	saku7ul		bead	inheritance		Proto-Yuman				could be a loan but is in IA and C	simplex			Munro et al. 1992
Movima	ɗiɗin-kʷa	ɗiɗin-kʷa												See Language page
Murui Witoto	sirio (woman's necklace)	θirio (woman's necklace; B83)		unique										See Language page
Mutsun	mah'-ahs (mas Mason 1916:433)		beads	inheritance		Proto-Costanoan				see 'necklace'	derived	suffix -s but see Okrand 245		Merriam 39:95
Napo Lowland Quichua	huallca	waʎka												See Language page
Nheengatu	puira	puira		inheritance?							Simplex			See Language page
Ninam	šĩtha- (ids) [prob actually means 'string']	ʃ̌ĩtha- (ids) [prob actually means 'string']		unknown						IDS gives ʃ̌ĩtha-, but looks suspiciously like the words for string in the other languages, maybe a mistranslation?				See Language page
Nisenan	howwo, howo		beads; wampum (in English index)	loan			Northern Sierra Miwok	WW	%waku	Ultan 1964:368 (????); Ultan gives howoko and says this is PM *…wok'; but note the Miwokan forms! E.g. Mins how:oT-u-, ho:woT-u-, Mip ho:woT	simplex			Uldall & Shipley 1966
Nivaclé		faklutax tiniš											Beads of 'perlas' or 'mostacilla'.	See Language page
Northern Emberá	kɨ'r̃ɨ-hɨ̃-ma ('waist-tied; belt') (IDS)	kɨ'r̃ɨ-hɨ̃-ma ('waist-tied; belt') (IDS)												See Language page
Northern Paiute	namakoo		old kind of beads	inheritance	*nammakku	Numic	unknown	WW	%waku	See also T. sho namokku(n) 'money', W. Mono naawakU 'string of shell money', N. Paiute namakko 'old kind of beads, Comanche 'clothes'	simplex			Yerington 1987
Northern Sierra Miwok	how:oT-u-, ho:woT-u-		beads	loan into protolanguage		Yok-Utian	unknown	WW	%waku	Callaghan 1997:58	other complex			Callaghan 1987
Ocaina	llíoonji, ahtiiho (necklace)	dʒíoonhi, aʔtiiʔo (necklace)		unique										See Language page
Pacahuara		'kisi												See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní		kuru; ai; ᵐboʔɨ; poʔɨ												See Language page
Paresi	haliyoloti	halijuluti		inheritance?										See Language page
Pemon	kasuuruu (E1980)	kasuru (E1980)		loan - WW		Pemongan subgroup	%kasiru							See Language page
Piapoco	tùliquìchi	tùlikìtʃi												See Language page
Piaroa	pãhãntɨh	pãhãntɨh		unknown										See Language page
Pilagá		pelak-al-a											Lit. 'pelak (kind of tree)-3pp-fruit'; means 'fruit of the pelak tree'.	See Language page
Plains Miwok	ho:wot		beads	inheritance		Yok-Utian		WW	%waku	Callaghan 1997:58	simplex			Callaghan 1984
Puinave	yĩk-ot	yĩk-ot		unique										See Language page
Pumé	tʊričʰi čo													See Language page
Páez	wãʔča	wãʔča												See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano	wallqa (CP94)	waʎqa												See Language page
Resígaro	hímíu	hímíu		unique							Simplex			See Language page
Salinan A	xα/nis		beads	unknown		Proto-Salinan	Takic	WW	%xene	kišotel Pinart 76	simplex			Mason 1918
Salinan M	xe/nes		beads	unknown			Takic	WW	%xene		simplex			Mason 1918
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet		lamom												See Language page
Sanumá	mazulu	mazulu		loan			Arawak, cf. Warekena majúlu; see also Makiritare maju:du							See Language page
Seri (Comcaac)	haapxij		prehistoric bead made of shell	unknown						also ihaapxa, hapápi 'seeds, bons, and shells that have been strung on a necklace'	simplex			Moser & Marlett 2005
Serrano	missing			missing
Shipibo-Konibo		moro												See Language page
Sikuani	tulíquisi	tulíkisi (bead string)	string of beads	loan - WW			%tulikiʃi, via Piapoco							See Language page
Sirionó	tiqui je (P85)	tiki he		unknown										See Language page
Southern Paiute	choi-N		bead (used for any purpose), beads	inheritance	*coiN	Numic				Also in W. Shoshone, Comanche; Stubbs 1513	siplex			Sapir
Southern Sierra Miwok	kumsul-		whole Olivella shell bead	unique						also lacah:ana- long narrow shell bead (dentalium?), ky:cyp- long shell bead); ho:wok, ho:wos-, ho:wot- "beads"	simplex			Broadbent 1964
Southern Ute	cii-vY		bead(s)	inheritance	*coiN	Numic				Also in W. Shoshone, Comanche; Stubbs 1513	other complex			Givon
Sáliva	tuliguichi 'collar'	tuliguitʃi 'collar'		loan - WW			%tulikiʃi							See Language page
Tehuelche		'hemnkn												See Language page
Toba		damegaʁa al-a											Lit. '[a certain tree] 3p possessor-seed, fruit'.	See Language page
Trumai	mɨʔɨraw	mɨʔɨraw		unknown										See Language page
Tukano	yãkê	jãkê		inheritance		Proto-East Tukanoan					Simplex			See Language page
Tuyuka	yãkẽ	jãkẽ												See Language page
Tübatulabal	tukumpal		sky; bead, beads, white clamshell disks	inheritance	*tukuN-pa	Northern Uto-Aztecan				Stubbs 2011 2032a, related to b)	other complex			K. Hill Tb>Eng
Tümpisa Shoshone	namokkuttsi		beads	loan	*nammakku	Numic	unknown	WW	%waku	See also T. sho namokku(n) 'money', Comanche 'clothes'; W. Mono naawakU 'string of shell money', N. Paiute namakko 'old kind of beads; also hoi-yah, ahts-ă-kan-nah red & blue beads, probably Hudson Bay Merriam 45:303	other complex			Dayley 1989
Wai Wai	kɨričiči	kɨričiči		unknown			cf. %tulikiʃi							See Language page
Waorani	wa-bõ			unique										See Language page
Wapishana	kʰašuru	kʰaʃuru		loan - WW			%kasiru	WW	%kasuru	Carib (e.g. Akawaio kazuru); Matses (Pano) kasɨɾɯ; Hup g'ǎç	Simplex			See Language page
Wappo	Túpu:lu7		clamshell bead	loan			Coast Miwok			form from Bodega Mi (Callaghan 1968:14)	simplex			Elmendorf 1993
Washo	mák'aw		bead	unknown			unknown	WW	%waku		simplex			Washo Project Dictionary
Waurá	yulatɨžu	julatɨžu		inheritance?										See Language page
Wayampi	-p-ɔʔɨ	-p-ɔʔɨ		inheritance?										See Language page
Wayana	ono, hampele	ono, hampele		unique										See Language page
Wayuu		aüliijana											aüliihana	See Language page
Western Mono	qakIbi		beads	inheritance	*kak(k)i	Numic				Stubbs 2011 1506	other complex	qakiya- 'to wear around neck'		Loether & Bethel 1993
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay		-hʷc̷ak												See Language page
Wintu	topi		beads, money	loan							simplex			Schlichter 1981
Yagua	mučarãnũ; mučarãnũsi	mutʃarãnũ; mutʃarãnũsi		unique										See Language page
Yaminahua		yõimã												See Language page
Yanomam	topə	topə	bead	inheritance		Proto-Yanomami/Yanomam					Simplex			See Language page
Yanomami	topë	topə		inheritance		Proto-Yanomami/Yanomam					Simplex			See Language page
Yavapai	sk7û:la hnáqča		bead	inheritance		Proto-Yuman		WW		k7úli round > beads 393; hnaq 'necklace'; same word for bead in IA, C, M	phrase			Shaterian 1983
Yine		tɨwɨtɨ												See Language page
Yokuts Palewyami	gixa		beads	loan into protolanguage		Proto-Yokutsan	Takic	WW	%kys	see Kroeber 1962 forms	simplex			Kroeber 1962
Yokuts Yawdanchi	pode, cuyut		beads	inheritance		Proto-Nim-Yokuts				xumana 'long beads' ; Merriam has po'-di' 44:181	simplex			Kroeber 1907
Yokuts Yawelmani	lil-nah		beads	unknown						Porterville	simplex			Merriam 44:449
Yuki	hoşo		clamshell bead	unknown				WW	%kys	PNY in Elmendorf 1993; also šip 'magnesite bead'	simplex
Yukpa	mokɨ (SM)	mokɨ (SM)												See Language page
Yukuna	ijnejí	ihnehí		unique										See Language page


Achagua
Aguaruna
Akawaio
Apalai
Ayoreo
Baniwa
Bankalachi Toloim
Barí
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone
Bora
Cahuilla
Carijona
Cayuvava
Central Aymara
Central Sierra Miwok
Cha'palaa
Chemehuevi
Chiriguano
Chumash Barbareno
Chumash Ineseno
Chumash Obispeno
Chumash Ventureno
Chácobo
Cocopa
Comanche
Cupeño
Desano
Dâw
Epena
Esselen
Eñepa
Gabrielino
Hodï
Hup
Ignaciano
Iipay 'Aa
Ingá
Iquito
Itonama
Kakataibo
Kariña
Katukina
Kawaiisu
Kiliwa
Kitanemuk
Kwazá
Lake Miwok
Lengua
Luiseño
Maca
Macaguan
Maidu
Makiritare
Makushi
Mapudungun
Matses
Mocoví
Mojave
Movima
Murui Witoto
Mutsun
Napo Lowland Quichua
Nheengatu
Ninam
Nisenan
Nivaclé
Northern Emberá
Northern Paiute
Northern Sierra Miwok
Ocaina
Pacahuara
Paraguayan Guaraní
Paresi
Pemon
Piapoco
Piaroa
Pilagá
Plains Miwok
Puinave
Pumé
Páez
Quechua Ayacuchano
Resígaro
Salinan A
Salinan M
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet
Sanumá
Seri (Comcaac)
Serrano
Shipibo-Konibo
Sikuani
Sirionó
Southern Paiute
Southern Sierra Miwok
Southern Ute
Sáliva
Tehuelche
Toba
Trumai
Tukano
Tuyuka
Tübatulabal
Tümpisa Shoshone
Wai Wai
Waorani
Wapishana
Wappo
Washo
Waurá
Wayampi
Wayana
Wayuu
Western Mono
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay
Wintu
Yagua
Yaminahua
Yanomam
Yanomami
Yavapai
Yine
Yokuts Palewyami
Yokuts Yawdanchi
Yokuts Yawelmani
Yuki
Yukpa
Yukuna

Showing 1 to 127 of 127 entries