Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

vulture

Semantic Field: flora-fauna
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish: buitre, gallinazo, rinahui (Peru)
Meaning Portuguese: urubu

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Language	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Range of Term	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Classifier	Classifier Notes	Hypernym	Source	Association with Social Categories	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Ritual Notes	Food Source	Food Notes	Medicinal	Medicinal Notes	How Collected	Who Collects	How Prepared	Psychotropic	Psychotropic Notes	Traded	Trade Notes	Distribution	Habitat	Dangerous	Ethnobiology Notes	Species Notes	General Notes

Language	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Word Structure	Classifier	Classifier Notes	Source	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Food Source	Medicinal	Psychotropic	Traded	Distribution	Dangerous	General Notes
Achagua	family Cathartidae	wáat∫uli	wáat∫uli		inheritance							See Language page						Widespread South America
Aché	family Cathartidae		briku		unique							See Language page						Widespread South America
Aguaruna	family Cathartidae	káasip	ká:sip		unique							See Language page						Widespread South America
Akawaio	family Cathartidae	angwana (E1977)	aŋwana (E1977)		unknown	Akawaio, Pemon	shared Pemon					See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	Widespread South America	no
Andoke	family Cathartidae	tsíhidǘ			unique							See Language page						Widespread South America
Apalai	family Cathartidae	kurumu	kurumu		inheritance		cf. TG urubu					See Language page						Widespread South America
Araona	family Cathartidae		hamani; šoatai									See Language page						Widespread South America		Tacn form is śamani.
Ashuar	family Cathartidae	chiwiáng, chuwáng	ʧiwiaŋ, ʧuwaŋ									See Language page						Widespread South America
Ayoreo	family Cathartidae		ãra'potorĩ									See Language page						Widespread South America		Lives in the rocks. Also 'koboto. See 03.832.
Baniwa	family Cathartidae	wáadzoli	wáadzoɺi, wáajuɺi (FS), kúama (FS)		inheritance	North Arawak		Also kúama (FS)	uncoded			See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	Widespread South America	no
Barasano	family Cathartidae	juká	juká									See Language page						Widespread South America
Bare	family Cathartidae	samorú	samorú									See Language page						Widespread South America
Bará	family Cathartidae		ju'ka									See Language page						Widespread South America
Barí	family Cathartidae		bačiragdu									See Language page						Widespread South America		Colombia: bək'čibarə.
Bora	family Cathartidae	anyï	anjɯ		inheritance							See Language page						Widespread South America
Camsa	family Cathartidae	ngalʲináso (SP loan)	ngalʲináso (SP loan)									See Language page						Widespread South America
Candoshi-Shapra	family Cathartidae	yapo	japo		unique							See Language page						Widespread South America
Carapana	family Cathartidae	yuca	juka									See Language page						Widespread South America
Carijona	family Cathartidae	corucarase (M2000)	kuru'go (H&R)		inheritance	Northern Carib?		Likely loan into Warekena (Arawak): kuɺuwitu				See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	Widespread South America	no
Cavineña	family Cathartidae	hamani	hamani									See Language page						Widespread South America
Cayuvava	family Cathartidae		bado									See Language page						Widespread South America
Central Aymara	family Cathartidae	siwiq'ara (P04)	siwiḳˀara									See Language page						Widespread South America
Cha'palaa	family Cathartidae		'pe-'tʸutʸu									See Language page						Widespread South America		Cf. 'owl' 03.596. pe is 'rotten/ excrement'.
Chiriguano	family Cathartidae		uruhũti, u'rake-'wasu		inheritance							See Language page						Widespread South America
Chácobo	family Cathartidae	poʔi-ko (poʔi is "dung")	poʔi-ko (poʔi is "dung")		unique							See Language page						Widespread South America
Cofán	family Cathartidae	ccompana										See Language page						Widespread South America		phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS
Cubeo	family Cathartidae	cava	kava, ka'wá		unique				uncoded			See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	Widespread South America	no
Cuiva	family Cathartidae		kékere, wajuri									See Language page						Widespread South America
Desano	family Cathartidae	goroporã	goro'pórã		doubtful loan		Carib	Various kuru- forms in Carib	uncoded			See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	Widespread South America	no
Djeoromitxi	family Cathartidae	tõtõtxi	tõtõtʃi									See Language page						Widespread South America
Dâw	family Cathartidae	wa’	waʔ		inheritance				underived			See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	Widespread South America	no
Epena	family Cathartidae		ã'koso									See Language page						Widespread South America
Ese Ejja	family Cathartidae		ɓeʔo; ɓaɓaʔai									See Language page						Widespread South America		Also ɓeɓosewaʔo.
Ese Ejja/Huarayo	family Cathartidae	ba'bo sewawa	ba'bo sewawa									See Language page						Widespread South America
Eñepa	family Cathartidae	yïmu, yïmuk (MM)	jɨmu, jɨmuk (MM)	hawk, vulture	unique			lack of differentiation here may be a mistake in source?				See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	Widespread South America	no
Guayabero	family Cathartidae	buzzard	tɨ´da (buzzard)		unique				uncoded			See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	Widespread South America	no
Hodï	family Cathartidae	uli bole	bũʰwoli		loan; unique		Pume	cf. bũʰwoli (Rodman), uli bole (Zent)	uncoded			See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	Widespread South America	no
Huambisa	family Cathartidae	chuag	tʃuag									See Language page						Widespread South America
Hup	family Cathartidae	wã̌ʔ	wã̌ʔ		inheritance				underived			See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	Widespread South America	no
Ingá	family Cathartidae	kurikingi	gabilán (SP loan, H&R)									See Language page						Widespread South America
Iquito	family Cathartidae	capítiaa (Sarcoramphus papa); nɨɨtámu (Cathartes melambrotus); nɨɨtámu acusa cariyáana (Cathartes aura); pasuúja (Coragyps atratus)	kapítiaa (Sarcoramphus papa); nɨɨtámu (Cathartes melambrotus); nɨɨtámu akusa karijáana (Cathartes aura); pasuúha (Coragyps atratus)		unique							See Language page						Widespread South America
Itonama	family Cathartidae		kuruʔkuru									See Language page						Widespread South America		Magdalena dialect. San Ramón dialect is waruʔsusu.
Kabiyari	family Cathartidae	wátʃuri	wátʃuɾi									See Language page						Widespread South America
Kaingang	family Cathartidae	jãtã	yãtã; mĩŋ Φɛ̃r; yɔŋɔŋ (?)									See Language page						Widespread South America
Kakataibo	family Cathartidae		ṣ̌ɨtɨ									See Language page						Widespread South America		Also iš'mi 'condor'. Panoan ʔišmi[n/mV] or ʔišamĩ 'condor'. Panoan *ṣ̌ɨtɨ.
Kakua	family Cathartidae	hiwǎʔ-wʉbʉʔ	hǔp		unique			forest-guan	compound			See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	Widespread South America	no
Kalapalo	family Cathartidae	ugufu	ugufu		doubtful loan		Tupi-Guarani					See Language page						Widespread South America
Kamayurá	family Cathartidae	ɨrɨwu	ɨrɨwu		inheritance							See Language page						Widespread South America
Kanamarí	family Cathartidae	kodakpaja	kodakpaja	urubu								Magalhães 2018:358
Kariña	family Cathartidae	anuwana	anuwana	king vulture								Courtz 2007:230						Widespread South America	no
Karitiana	family Cathartidae	´akyry, kinanãm	ʔakɨɾɨ, kinanãm		unknown							See Language page						Widespread South America
Katukina	family Cathartidae		šɨtɨ									See Language page						Widespread South America
Kokama	family Cathartidae	urupu	uɾupu		inheritance							See Language page						Widespread South America
Koreguaje	family Cathartidae	βaʤo (H&R), ãukhu	βaʤo (H&R), ãukhu		loan - WW		Arawak					See Language page						Widespread South America
Kotiria	family Cathartidae	ju'ka	ju'ka		inheritance	East Tukanoan			uncoded			See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	Widespread South America	no
Kwazá	family Cathartidae	uruhu	uruhu									See Language page						Widespread South America
Lengua	family Cathartidae		mama									See Language page						Widespread South America
Lokono	family Cathartidae	anwana	anwana	turkey vulture, bush carrion crow								Fanshawe 1949:58						Widespread South America	no
Maca	family Cathartidae		sinxenaχ (m.)									See Language page						Widespread South America		Vultus gryphus.
Macaguan	family Cathartidae	kékar	kékar		inheritance				uncoded			See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	Widespread South America	no
Maihiki	family Cathartidae	pɨpɨdɨ aguɨ	pɨpɨdɨ agɨ		inheritance	West Tukanoan		But compare Tupí-Karitiana pɨpɨ̃ɾĩ (hawk)	uncoded	agɨ	agɨ = masculine animate	See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	Widespread South America	no
Makiritare	family Cathartidae	kudūmu (IDS) (Refers to 'black vulture'); kada:kada:di (KH) (means 'king volture' - Sarcoramphus papa)	kudu:mu (IDS); kada:kada:di (KH)		inheritance		cf. TG urubu					See Language page						Widespread South America
Makuna	family Cathartidae	yuca	juka		inheritance							See Language page						Widespread South America
Makushi	family Cathartidae	kurun (SM)	kurun (SM)		inheritance	Northern Carib?	cf. TG urubu	Likely loan into Warekena (Arawak): kuɺuwitu				See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	Widespread South America	no
Mandawaka	family Cathartidae	wadúːli	wadúːli									See Language page						Widespread South America
Matses	family Cathartidae	edeste	edeste		unknown							See Language page						Widespread South America
Minica Witoto	family Cathartidae	íno	íno									See Language page						Widespread South America
Mocoví	family Cathartidae		rateksan									See Language page						Widespread South America
Mosetén-Chimané	family Cathartidae		ši'ʔe									See Language page						Widespread South America
Movima	family Cathartidae	tuspaʔa	tuspaʔa									See Language page						Widespread South America
Muinane	family Cathartidae	áñɨ, súkkuga	áɲɨ, súkkuga									See Language page						Widespread South America
Murui Witoto	family Cathartidae	ino	ino		inheritance							See Language page						Widespread South America
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect	family Cathartidae		wʌːh									See Language page						Widespread South America
Nadëb/Roçado dialect	family Cathartidae		wʌːh		inheritance							See Language page						Widespread South America
Napo Lowland Quichua	family Cathartidae	illahuanga	iʎawanga									See Language page						Widespread South America
Nheengatu	family Cathartidae	urubu	urubu		inheritance	Proto-Tupi-Guarani		Reconstructed PTG Mello 2000	underived			See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	Widespread South America	no
Ninam	family Cathartidae	watupa (IDS), ~kokocom (gom)	watupa (IDS), ~kokoʧom (gom)		doubtful loan (into protolg?) - WW		Arawak, e.g. Wapishana watʰu	Wapishana, Mandawaka wathu, wadu; see also Ninam ~kokocom (gom)	uncoded			See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	Widespread South America	no
Nivaclé	family Cathartidae		kˀafok									See Language page						Widespread South America
Northern Emberá	family Cathartidae	ãŋgosó	ãŋgosó; ãgosó, ãkosó (H&R)									See Language page						Widespread South America
Nukak	family Cathartidae	jaa2ka4paa2ni4de1			unique				uncoded			See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	Widespread South America	no
Nɨpode Witoto	family Cathartidae	íno	íno									See Language page						Widespread South America
Ocaina	family Cathartidae	ï̃ï̃nóóčo	ɯ̃ɯ̃nóótʃo		inheritance							See Language page						Widespread South America
Pacahuara	family Cathartidae		po'iko									See Language page						Widespread South America		d'Orb poiko.
Paraguayan Guaraní	family Cathartidae		ɨrɨvu									See Language page						Widespread South America
Paresi	family Cathartidae	oloho	uluhu		loan		Tupi-Guarani					See Language page						Widespread South America
Pemon	family Cathartidae	angwana (E1977)	aŋwana (E1977)		unknown	Akawaio, Pemon	shared Akawaio					See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	Widespread South America	no
Piapoco	family Cathartidae	wáchuli	wát∫uli									See Language page						Widespread South America
Pilagá	family Cathartidae		pohe									See Language page						Widespread South America
Playero	family Cathartidae		kékere, kekeré									See Language page						Widespread South America
Puinave	family Cathartidae	winik	winik		unique							See Language page						Widespread South America
Pumé	family Cathartidae	mõkʰɛ pua										See Language page						Widespread South America
Páez	family Cathartidae	imegnuéi	imewẽi; mẽẽwẽxʲ (H&R)									See Language page						Widespread South America
Qawasqar	family Cathartidae		aḳorasap									See Language page						Widespread South America		Bo records yakaraɬap for Central QWS. Fi, Hy record akoreka for South QWS.
Quechua Ayacuchano	family Cathartidae	ullasku	uʎasku									See Language page						Widespread South America
Resígaro	family Cathartidae	βatsóogí (H&R)	βatsóogí (H&R)		inheritance	North Arawak			uncoded			See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	Widespread South America	no
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité	family Cathartidae		mitki ikhik									See Language page						Widespread South America
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet	family Cathartidae		maama									See Language page						Widespread South America
Secoya	family Cathartidae	ëtacaro	pɨ'pɨdi									See Language page						Widespread South America
Selknam	family Cathartidae		kˀòyin-ti; ḳˀèl ḳayin									See Language page						Widespread South America
Shipibo-Konibo	family Cathartidae		ṣ̌ɨtɨ									See Language page						Widespread South America
Sikuani	family Cathartidae	kanukali (3)/ kanukeri (3) (both are Sarcoramphus papa), kekere (3) (Coragyps atratus)	kéːkere, wáːjuli		inheritance, loan - WW		Arawak	also kanukali (3)/ kanukeri (3) (both are Sarcoramphus papa), wáːjuli	uncoded			See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	Widespread South America	no
Siona	family Cathartidae	bë'beri	bɨʔberi		inheritance							See Language page						Widespread South America
Siriano	family Cathartidae	bĩ'bṹ	bĩ'bṹ									See Language page						Widespread South America
Sirionó	family Cathartidae	urubu	urubu		inheritance							See Language page						Widespread South America
Southern Pastaza Quechua	family Cathartidae	ullawanga	uʎawanga									See Language page						Widespread South America
Sáliva	family Cathartidae	walluli	wadʒuli		loan - WW		Arawak					See Language page						Widespread South America
Tacana	family Cathartidae		samani									See Language page						Widespread South America
Tanimuca	family Cathartidae	wa'juri-ka	wa'juri-ka		loan - WW		Arawak					See Language page						Widespread South America
Tariana	family Cathartidae	wáyuɾi 'urubu', éːta 'urubu-rei'	wájuɾi 'urubu', éːta 'urubu-rei'		inheritance	North Arawak		Also éːta 'urubu-rei'	uncoded			See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	Widespread South America	no
Tatuyo	family Cathartidae	ju'ka	ju'ka									See Language page						Widespread South America
Taushiro	family Cathartidae	uchiyu	uʃiju									See Language page						Widespread South America
Tikuna	family Cathartidae	ngurucu	ŋuɾuku		unique							See Language page						Widespread South America
Tiriyó	family Cathartidae	watëika (black vulture)	watǝika		unique							See Language page						Widespread South America
Toba	family Cathartidae		tegesan									See Language page						Widespread South America
Trumai	family Cathartidae	arikuku	arikuku									See Language page						Widespread South America
Tukano	family Cathartidae	yukâ	jukâ		inheritance	East Tukanoan			uncoded			See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	Widespread South America	no
Tuyuka	family Cathartidae	yu'ka	juʔka, 'káa									See Language page						Widespread South America
Urarina	family Cathartidae	ataoaḍzi	ataoatʃi		unique							See Language page						Widespread South America
Wai Wai	family Cathartidae	kurume (SM)	kurumu (SM)		inheritance		cf. TG urubu					See Language page						Widespread South America
Waikhana	family Cathartidae	ju'ka	ju'ka									See Language page						Widespread South America
Waimaja	family Cathartidae	džukʰá	dʒukʰá									See Language page						Widespread South America
Waorani	family Cathartidae	gapatai			unique				uncoded			See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	Widespread South America	no
Wapishana	family Cathartidae	watʰu	watʰu		inheritance	North Arawak						See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	Widespread South America	no
Wari	family Cathartidae	maho (Sousa2009)	maho (Sousa2009)									See Language page						Widespread South America
Waurá	family Cathartidae	awažatalu; wehɨža	awažatalu; wehɨža		inheritance							See Language page						Widespread South America
Wayampi	family Cathartidae	uluwu	uluwu		inheritance							See Language page						Widespread South America
Wayana	family Cathartidae	hulu	hulu		unique							See Language page						Widespread South America
Wayuu	family Cathartidae		samuľu									See Language page						Widespread South America		From 'zamuro' (gallinazo). Also waľuuseeči; patahua (aura, guaro, cataneja, oripopo); anuwana (el rey zamuro de Ven.; el rey de los gallinazos de Col.).
Yagua	family Cathartidae	pachoriy	pãtʃorij		loan - WW		Arawak					See Language page						Widespread South America
Yaminahua	family Cathartidae		išpi									See Language page						Widespread South America
Yanomami	family Cathartidae	watupa	watupa		doubtful loan (into protolg?) - WW		Arawak, e.g. Wapishana watʰu	(Wapishana, Mandawaka wathu, wadu)	underived			See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	Widespread South America	no
Yine	family Cathartidae		may-ľɨ									See Language page						Widespread South America		Also serotľapaľɨ, a red-headed v.; kľatataľɨ, a white v. Piro-Apuriná form is ma'yo-rɨ.
Yuhup	family Cathartidae	wãʔ	wãʔ		inheritance				underived			See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	Widespread South America	no
Yukpa	family Cathartidae	kurumachu (SM)	kurumachu (SM) okósja (H&R)									See Language page						Widespread South America		Phon only in source
Yukuna	family Cathartidae	waajú	waajú (H&R)		inheritance	North Arawak			uncoded			See Language page	0	0	0	0	0	Widespread South America	no
Yuruti	family Cathartidae	júkaa	júkaa									See Language page						Widespread South America
Záparo	family Cathartidae	amuka	amuka									See Language page						Widespread South America


Achagua
Aché
Aguaruna
Akawaio
Andoke
Apalai
Araona
Ashuar
Ayoreo
Baniwa
Barasano
Bare
Bará
Barí
Bora
Camsa
Candoshi-Shapra
Carapana
Carijona
Cavineña
Cayuvava
Central Aymara
Cha'palaa
Chiriguano
Chácobo
Cofán
Cubeo
Cuiva
Desano
Djeoromitxi
Dâw
Epena
Ese Ejja
Ese Ejja/Huarayo
Eñepa
Guayabero
Hodï
Huambisa
Hup
Ingá
Iquito
Itonama
Kabiyari
Kaingang
Kakataibo
Kakua
Kalapalo
Kamayurá
Kanamarí
Kariña
Karitiana
Katukina
Kokama
Koreguaje
Kotiria
Kwazá
Lengua
Lokono
Maca
Macaguan
Maihiki
Makiritare
Makuna
Makushi
Mandawaka
Matses
Minica Witoto
Mocoví
Mosetén-Chimané
Movima
Muinane
Murui Witoto
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect
Nadëb/Roçado dialect
Napo Lowland Quichua
Nheengatu
Ninam
Nivaclé
Northern Emberá
Nukak
Nɨpode Witoto
Ocaina
Pacahuara
Paraguayan Guaraní
Paresi
Pemon
Piapoco
Pilagá
Playero
Puinave
Pumé
Páez
Qawasqar
Quechua Ayacuchano
Resígaro
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet
Secoya
Selknam
Shipibo-Konibo
Sikuani
Siona
Siriano
Sirionó
Southern Pastaza Quechua
Sáliva
Tacana
Tanimuca
Tariana
Tatuyo
Taushiro
Tikuna
Tiriyó
Toba
Trumai
Tukano
Tuyuka
Urarina
Wai Wai
Waikhana
Waimaja
Waorani
Wapishana
Wari
Waurá
Wayampi
Wayana
Wayuu
Yagua
Yaminahua
Yanomami
Yine
Yuhup
Yukpa
Yukuna
Yuruti
Záparo

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